Rails 5 - 保存回滚，因为嵌套模型父模型没有在子模型之前保存

Question

Rails 5 - 保存回滚，因为嵌套模型父模型没有在子模型之前保存

The*_*aru 2 ruby nested-forms nested-attributes nested-form-for ruby-on-rails-5

好的伙计们，Rails 5 确实有其细微差别与 Rails 4 不同。我所要做的是，每次我单击表单上的提交按钮时，它都会重新加载错误Profile user must exist and Profile user can't be blank。该表单加载良好，包括嵌套模型表单，但无论出于何种原因，它都无法在尝试将具有以下输出的子模型保存到控制台之前保存父模型：

Puma starting in single mode...
* Version 3.7.0 (ruby 2.2.6-p396), codename: Snowy Sagebrush
* Min threads: 5, max threads: 5
* Environment: development
* Listening on tcp://0.0.0.0:3000
Use Ctrl-C to stop
Started POST "/users" for 192.168.0.31 at 2017-03-09 18:51:04 -0500
Cannot render console from 192.168.0.31! Allowed networks: 127.0.0.1, ::1, 127.0.0.0/127.255.255.255
  ActiveRecord::SchemaMigration Load (0.2ms)  SELECT `schema_migrations`.* FROM `schema_migrations`
Processing by UsersController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"?", "authenticity_token"=>"JPKO+ppAYqwWS8tWeXhEtbUWynXREu9jYlF0KIlyPgUaabHSzjPZocSxCvr/WEm1r6wAQyT1CvA6hNkZWfPD3Q==", "user"=>{"username"=>"test", "password"=>"[FILTERED]", "user_type_id"=>"1", "profile_attributes"=>{"first_name"=>"123", "middle_name"=>"123", "last_name"=>"123", "email"=>"123@123.com", "phone_number"=>"1234567890", "cell_number"=>"1234567890"}}, "commit"=>"Create User"}
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
   (0.2ms)  ROLLBACK
  Rendering users/new.html.erb within layouts/application
  Rendered users/_form.html.erb (112.5ms)
  Rendered users/new.html.erb within layouts/application (118.7ms)
Completed 200 OK in 834ms (Views: 780.1ms | ActiveRecord: 2.2ms)

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我在这种关系中遇到了其他问题，我想也许我需要重建这个项目。以下是围绕此问题的所有相关代码：

###############################################################################
### Users Model
###############################################################################
    class User < ApplicationRecord
      has_one :profile, inverse_of: :user
      accepts_nested_attributes_for :profile, allow_destroy: true
    end

###############################################################################
### Profile Model
###############################################################################
    class Profile < ApplicationRecord
      belongs_to :user, inverse_of: :profile
      validates_presence_of :user
    end
###############################################################################
### Users Controller
###############################################################################
    class UsersController < ApplicationController
      before_action :set_user, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

      # GET /users
      # GET /users.json
      def index
        @users = User.all
      end

      # GET /users/1
      # GET /users/1.json
      def show
        @user.build_profile
      end

      # GET /users/new
      def new
        @user = User.new
        @user.build_profile
      end

      # GET /users/1/edit
      def edit
        @user.build_profile
      end

      # POST /users
      # POST /users.json
      def create
        @user = User.new(user_params)

        respond_to do |format|
          if @user.save
            format.html { redirect_to @user, notice: 'User was successfully created.' }
            format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @user }
          else
            format.html { render :new }
            format.json { render json: @user.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
          end
        end
      end

      # PATCH/PUT /users/1
      # PATCH/PUT /users/1.json
      def update
        respond_to do |format|
          if @user.update(user_params)
            format.html { redirect_to @user, notice: 'User was successfully updated.' }
            format.json { render :show, status: :ok, location: @user }
          else
            format.html { render :edit }
            format.json { render json: @user.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
          end
        end
      end

      # DELETE /users/1
      # DELETE /users/1.json
      def destroy
        @user.destroy
        respond_to do |format|
          format.html { redirect_to users_url, notice: 'User was successfully destroyed.' }
          format.json { head :no_content }
        end
      end

      private
        # Use callbacks to share common setup or constraints between actions.
        def set_user
          @user = User.find(params[:id])
        end

        # Never trust parameters from the scary internet, only allow the white list through.
        def user_params
          params.require(:user).permit(:username, :password, :user_type_id, profile_attributes: [:id, :user_id, :first_name, :middle_name, :last_name, :phone_number, :cell_number, :email])
        end
    end

###############################################################################
### Form View
###############################################################################
    <%= form_for(@user) do |f| %>
      <% if user.errors.any? %>
        <div id="error_explanation">
          <h2><%= pluralize(user.errors.count, "error") %> prohibited this user from being saved:</h2>

          <ul>
          <% user.errors.full_messages.each do |message| %>
            <li><%= message %></li>
          <% end %>
            <!--<li><%= debug f %></li>-->
          </ul>
        </div>
      <% end %>

      <div class="field">
        <%= f.label :username %>
        <%= f.text_field :username %>
      </div>

      <div class="field">
        <%= f.label :password %>
        <%= f.text_field :password %>
      </div>

      <div class="field">
        <% if params[:trainer] == "true" %>
          <%= f.label :user_type_id %>
          <%= f.text_field :user_type_id, :readonly => true, :value => '2' %>
        <% else %>
          <%= f.label :user_type_id %>
          <%= f.text_field :user_type_id, :readonly => true, :value => '1'  %>
        <% end %>
      </div>
        <h2>Account Profile</h2>
        <%= f.fields_for :profile do |profile| %>
          <%#= profile.inspect %>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :first_name %>
              <%= profile.text_field :first_name %>
            </div>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :middle_name %>
              <%= profile.text_field :middle_name %>
            </div>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :last_name %>
              <%= profile.text_field :last_name %>
            </div>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :email %>
              <%= profile.text_field :email %>
            </div>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :phone_number %>
              <%= profile.telephone_field :phone_number %>
            </div>
            <div>
              <%= profile.label :cell_phone %>
              <%= profile.telephone_field :cell_number %>
            </div>
        <% end %>
      <div class="actions">
        <%= f.submit %>
      </div>
        <%= debug params %>
        <%= debug user %>
        <%= debug user.profile %>
    <% end %>

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Answer 1

The*_*aru 5

好吧，我在另一个问题上改写了这个问题，我终于找到了答案。所以我从那里粘贴我的答案，以防有人以我在这里提出问题的相同方式搜索问题。

好的，我正在回答我自己的问题，因为我知道很多人都在为此苦苦挣扎，而我实际上已经有了答案，而不是对文档的含糊回答。

首先，我们将在这个例子中使用一对一的关系。创建关系时，您需要确保父模型具有以下内容

inverse_of:
自动保存：真
accepts_nested_attributes_for :model, allow_destroy:true

这是用户模型，然后我将解释，

class User < ApplicationRecord
  has_one :profile, inverse_of: :user, autosave: true
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :profile, allow_destroy: true
end

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在 Rails 5 中，您需要 inverse_of: 因为这告诉 Rails 存在通过外键的关系，并且在保存表单数据时需要在嵌套模型上设置。现在，如果您要离开autosave: true从关系行中关闭，您将留下user_id不保存到配置文件表和其他列，除非您关闭验证然后它不会出错，它只会保存它没有user_id。这里发生的是自动保存：true是确保首先保存用户记录，以便它具有user_id以存储在配置文件模型的嵌套属性中。简而言之，这就是为什么user_id没有遍历到孩子，它正在回滚而不是提交。最后一个问题是有一些帖子告诉你在你的控制器中编辑路由你应该像我在我的帖子中那样添加@user.build_profile。不要这样做，他们错了，在评估控制台输出后，它会导致

Started GET "/users/1/edit" for 192.168.0.31 at 2017-03-12 22:38:17 -0400
Cannot render console from 192.168.0.31! Allowed networks: 127.0.0.1, ::1, 127.0.0.0/127.255.255.255
Processing by UsersController#edit as HTML
  Parameters: {"id"=>"1"}
  User Load (0.4ms)  SELECT  `users`.* FROM `users` WHERE `users`.`id` = 1 LIMIT 1
  Profile Load (0.5ms)  SELECT  `profiles`.* FROM `profiles` WHERE `profiles`.`user_id` = 1 LIMIT 1
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (0.5ms)  UPDATE `profiles` SET `user_id` = NULL, `updated_at` = '2017-03-13 02:38:17' WHERE `profiles`.`id` = 1
   (59.5ms)  COMMIT
  Rendering users/edit.html.erb within layouts/application
  Rendered users/_form.html.erb (44.8ms)
  Rendered users/edit.html.erb within layouts/application (50.2ms)
Completed 200 OK in 174ms (Views: 98.6ms | ActiveRecord: 61.1ms)

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如果您看一下，它正在从头开始重建配置文件，并将与您正在编辑的当前用户匹配的记录的 user_id 重置为 null。所以要非常小心，因为我已经看到很多帖子提出了这个建议，我花了几天的时间来寻找解决方案！

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