在Java中重命名Observer模式的实现方法

Question

我在Java中使用Observable类/ Observer接口来实现观察者模式.Observer接口需要覆盖更新(Observable o,Object arg)方法.

问题是我正在观察相当数量的类,并且我的update()方法已经变得非常大:

public class Foo implements Observer {
    ....

    public void update(Observable o, Object param) {
        if (o instanceof A) {
            // large chunk of code
            ...
        } else if (o instanceof B) {
            // large chunk of code
            ...
        }
            ...
        } else if (o instanceof H) {
            ...
        }
    }

}

为了拆分方法,我正在考虑使用例如AObserver接口,BObserver接口来扩展Observer接口,这需要分别覆盖onAUpdate,onBUpdate .. 此方法还可以根据实现的接口轻松确定类正在观察的Observable.

class Foo implements AObserver, BObserver {
    ....

    public void onAUpdate(Observable o, Object param) {
        if (o instanceof A) {
        // large chunk of code
        ...
    }

    public void onBUpdate(Observable o, Object param) {
        if (o instanceof B) {
        // large chunk of code
        ...
    }
}

问题是,如果我继承了Observer,我仍然需要实现update()方法.我无法将其重命名为onAUpdate或我选择的其他名称.

有什么建议？谢谢.

Answer 1

在这里，我使用观察者和访问者模式编写了一个原始实现。您可以将此作为一个想法来增强它并填补您看到的任何漏洞。

public interface IObserver extends Observer {
    public void add(AbstractObservable observable, IObserverVisitor visitor);
    public void remove(AbstractObservable observable);
    public void removeAll();
}

public class Observer implements IObserver {

    Map<AbstractObservable, IObserverVisitor> observableMap =
            new HashMap<AbstractObservable, IObserverVisitor>();

    public void add(AbstractObservable observable, IObserverVisitor visitor) {
        observableMap.put(observable, visitor);
    }

    public void remove(AbstractObservable observable) {
        observableMap.remove(observable);
    }

    public void removeAll() {
        observableMap.clear();
    }

    public void update(Observable o, Object arg) {
        observableMap.get(o).visit(this, o, arg);
    }

}

public class AbstractObservable extends Observable{

    public synchronized void addObserver(IObserver o, IObserverVisitor visitor) {
        o.add(this, visitor);
        super.addObserver(o);
    }

    public synchronized void deleteObservers(IObserver o) {
        o.removeAll();
        super.deleteObservers();
    }

    public synchronized void deleteObserver(IObserver o) {
        o.remove(this);
        super.deleteObserver(o);
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void deleteObserver(Observer o) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void addObserver(Observer o) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized void deleteObservers() {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized int countObservers() {
        return super.countObservers();
    }

    @Override
    public synchronized boolean hasChanged() {
        return super.hasChanged();
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers() {
        super.notifyObservers();
    }

    @Override
    public void notifyObservers(Object arg) {
        super.notifyObservers(arg);
    }

    @Override
    protected synchronized void clearChanged() {
        super.clearChanged();
    }

    @Override
    protected synchronized void setChanged() {
        super.setChanged();
    }

}

public class Observable1 extends AbstractObservable {
    public void changeSomething() {
      setChanged();
      notifyObservers();
    }
}

public class Observable2 extends AbstractObservable {
    public void changeSomething() {
      setChanged();
      notifyObservers();
    }
}

public interface IObserverVisitor {
    void visit(IObserver obsrvr, Observable obsrvable, Object o);
}

public class ObserverVisitor1 implements IObserverVisitor{

    public void visit(IObserver obsrvr, Observable obsrvable, Object o) {
        System.out.println("updated one");
    }

}

public class ObserverVisitor2 implements IObserverVisitor{

    public void visit(IObserver obsrvr, Observable obsrvable, Object o) {
        System.out.println("updated two");
    }
}

public class ObserverTest {

    @Test
    public void testAnything() {
        Observable1 obsrvable1 = new Observable1();
        Observable2 obsrvable2 = new Observable2();

        Observer obsrvr = new Observer();
        obsrvable1.addObserver(obsrvr, new ObserverVisitor1());
        obsrvable2.addObserver(obsrvr, new ObserverVisitor2());

        obsrvable1.changeSomething();
        obsrvable2.changeSomething();
    }

}

我希望你没有迷路。:)