如何编写c#服务,我也可以作为winforms程序运行？

Question

我有一个用C#编写的Windows服务,它充当后端数据库的一堆网络设备的代理.为了测试并添加模拟层来测试后端,我希望有一个GUI供测试操作员运行模拟.还可以将条带化版本作为演示发送出去.GUI和服务不必同时运行.实现这种决斗操作的最佳方法是什么？

编辑:这是我的解决方案,从梳理的东西这个问题,我正在运行的服务和安装.NET Windows服务不InstallUtil.exe使用这个优秀的代码 由马克Gravell

它使用以下行来测试是运行gui还是作为服务运行.

 if (arg_gui || Environment.UserInteractive || Debugger.IsAttached)

这是代码.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.Diagnostics;

namespace Form_Service
{
   static class Program
   {
      /// 
      /// The main entry point for the application.
      /// 
      [STAThread]
      static int Main(string[] args)
      {
         bool arg_install =  false;
         bool arg_uninstall = false;
         bool arg_gui = false;
         bool rethrow = false;
         try
         {
            foreach (string arg in args)
            {
               switch (arg)
               {
                  case "-i":
                  case "-install":
                     arg_install = true; break;
                  case "-u":
                  case "-uninstall":
                     arg_uninstall = true; break;
                  case "-g":
                  case "-gui":
                     arg_gui = true; break;
                  default:
                     Console.Error.WriteLine("Argument not expected: " + arg);
                     break;
               }
            }
            if (arg_uninstall)
            {
               Install(true, args);
            }
            if (arg_install)
            {
               Install(false, args);
            }
            if (!(arg_install || arg_uninstall))
            {
               if (arg_gui || Environment.UserInteractive || Debugger.IsAttached)
               {
                  Application.EnableVisualStyles();
                  Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
                  Application.Run(new Form1());
               }
               else
               {
                  rethrow = true; // so that windows sees error... 
                  ServiceBase[] services = { new Service1() };
                  ServiceBase.Run(services);
                  rethrow = false;
               }
            }
            return 0;
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
            if (rethrow) throw;
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex.Message);
            return -1;
         }
      }

      static void Install(bool undo, string[] args)
      {
         try
         {
            Console.WriteLine(undo ? "uninstalling" : "installing");
            using (AssemblyInstaller inst = new AssemblyInstaller(typeof(Program).Assembly, args))
            {
               IDictionary state = new Hashtable();
               inst.UseNewContext = true;
               try
               {
                  if (undo)
                  {
                     inst.Uninstall(state);
                  }
                  else
                  {
                     inst.Install(state);
                     inst.Commit(state);
                  }
               }
               catch
               {
                  try
                  {
                     inst.Rollback(state);
                  }
                  catch { }
                  throw;
               }
            }
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(ex.Message);
         }
      }
   }

   [RunInstaller(true)]
   public sealed class MyServiceInstallerProcess : ServiceProcessInstaller
   {
      public MyServiceInstallerProcess()
      {
         this.Account = ServiceAccount.NetworkService;
      }
   }

   [RunInstaller(true)]
   public sealed class MyServiceInstaller : ServiceInstaller
   {
      public MyServiceInstaller()
      {
         this.Description = "My Service";
         this.DisplayName = "My Service";
         this.ServiceName = "My Service";
         this.StartType = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceStartMode.Manual;
      }
   }

}

Answer 1

你基本上有两个选择.在服务上公开API,然后可以从UI应用程序调用该API或使服务能够作为winforms应用程序或服务运行.

第一个选项非常简单 - 使用远程处理或WCF来公开API.

第二个选项可以通过将应用程序的"内容"移动到一个单独的类中来实现,然后创建一个服务包装器和一个win-forms包装器,它们都会调用您的"guts"类.

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Guts guts = new Guts();

    if (runWinForms)
    {
        System.Windows.Forms.Application.EnableVisualStyles();
        System.Windows.Forms.Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);

        FormWrapper fw = new FormWrapper(guts);

        System.Windows.Forms.Application.Run(fw);
    }
    else
    {
        ServiceBase[] ServicesToRun;
        ServicesToRun = new ServiceBase[] { new ServiceWrapper(guts) };
        ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun);
    }
}