Angular 2单元测试 - 无法读取未定义的属性"root"

Question

错误说明

角度版本:2.3.1

我的单元测试无法创建组件 - 我知道这个问题与[routerLink]和[routerLinkActive]指令有关,因为从模板中删除它们允许测试创建组件.

模板

<nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="navbar-header">
  <button class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#iotahoe-top-navigation">
    <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
    <span class="icon-bar"></span>
  </button>
  <a class="navbar-brand" [routerLink]="['/']">IoTahoe</a>
</div>
<div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="iotahoe-top-navigation">
  <ul *ngIf="isAuthenticated()" class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
    <li [routerLinkActive]="['active']"><a [routerLink]="['/dashboard']">Dashboard</a></li>
    <li [routerLinkActive]="['active']"><a [routerLink]="['/browse']">Browse</a></li>
    <li [routerLinkActive]="['active']"><a [routerLink]="['/admin']">Admin</a></li>
    <li [routerLinkActive]="['active']"><a (click)="onLogout()" style="cursor: pointer;">Logout</a></li>
  </ul>
</div>

打字稿

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { AuthenticationService } from   '../../authentication/authentication.service';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';

@Component({
moduleId: module.id.toString(),
selector: 'app-top-navbar',
templateUrl: './top-navbar.component.html',
styleUrls: ['./top-navbar.component.css']
})
export class TopNavbarComponent implements OnInit {

constructor(private authenticationService: AuthenticationService, private router: Router) { }

ngOnInit() {
}

isAuthenticated() {
    return this.authenticationService.isLoggedIn;
}

onLogout() {
    this.authenticationService.logout().subscribe(() => {
        return this.router.navigate(['/login']);
    });
}

}

测试规格

/* tslint:disable:no-unused-variable */
import {async, ComponentFixture, TestBed, inject} from '@angular/core/testing';
import { By } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import {DebugElement, CUSTOM_ELEMENTS_SCHEMA, NO_ERRORS_SCHEMA, Component} from '@angular/core';
import { RouterTestingModule } from '@angular/router/testing';
import { Location, CommonModule } from '@angular/common';
import { TopNavbarComponent } from './top-navbar.component';
import { AuthenticationService } from '../../authentication/authentication.service';
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
import {ReactiveFormsModule} from "@angular/forms";

@Component({
template: ''
})
class DummyComponent {
}


describe('TopNavbarComponent', () => {
let component: TopNavbarComponent;
let fixture: ComponentFixture<TopNavbarComponent>;
let authenticationService: AuthenticationService;

beforeEach(async(() => {
    const authenticationServiceStub = {
        isLoggedIn: false
    };

    const routerStub = {
        navigate: jasmine.createSpy('navigate'),
        navigateByUrl: jasmine.createSpy('navigateByUrl')
    };

    TestBed.configureTestingModule({
        declarations: [ TopNavbarComponent, DummyComponent ],
        imports:[CommonModule, ReactiveFormsModule,     RouterTestingModule.withRoutes(
            [
                { path: '/', component:DummyComponent },
                { path: '/login', component:DummyComponent },
                { path: '/dashboard', component:DummyComponent },
                { path: '/browse', component:DummyComponent },
                { path: '/admin', component:DummyComponent }
            ])],
        providers: [
            { provide: AuthenticationService, useValue: authenticationServiceStub },
            { provide: Router, useValue: routerStub }
            ]
    }).compileComponents();
}));

beforeEach(() => {
    fixture = TestBed.createComponent(TopNavbarComponent);
    component = fixture.componentInstance;
    authenticationService = TestBed.get(AuthenticationService);
    fixture.detectChanges();
});

it('should create', () => {
    expect(component).toBeTruthy();
});
});

错误

zone.js:155未捕获错误:包中的错误:407:9:6导致:无法在ViewWrappedError.ZoneAwareError(localhost:9876/base/src/test)中读取ViewWrappedError.Error(native)中未定义的属性"root". ts:133296:33)在ViewWrappedError.BaseError [作为构造函数](localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:35630:16)处于ViewWrappedError.WrappedError [作为构造函数](localhost:9876/base/src/test. ts:35695:16)在DebugAppView的DebugAppView._rethrowWithContext(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:108242:23)的新ViewWrappedError(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:68018:16)处.在DebugAppView.AppView.createHostView(localhost:9876)的DebugAppView.View_TopNavbarComponent_Host0.createInternal(/DynamicTestModule/TopNavbarComponent/host.ngfactory.js:16:19)创建(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:108142:18) /base/src/test.ts:107700:21)在ComponentFactory.create的DebugAppView.createHostView(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:108156:52)(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts) :49830:25)在initComponent(localhost:987 6/base/src/test.ts:6425:53)在ProxyZoneSpec.onInvoke(localhost:9876/base/src/test)的ZoneDelegate.invoke(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:132727:26). ts:95802:39)在ZoneDelegate.invoke(localhost:9876/base/src/test.ts:132726:32)Zone.runTask @ zone.js:155ZoneTask.invoke @ zone.js:345data.args.(匿名函数)@ zone.js:1376

Answer 1

该routerLink指令需要一个真正的路由器,但你嘲笑它.我能看到你做的几件事:

• 如果你不打算在测试期间点击链接,那么你可以模拟那些指令只是制作"noop"指令,这样编译器就不会抱怨.例如

  @Directive({
      selector: '[routerLink], [routerLinkActive]'
  })
  class DummyRouterLinkDirective {}
  

  然后将其添加到declarations测试模块中.有了这个,你根本不需要配置它RouterTestingModule.你可以摆脱它.

• 此外,如果您不打算单击测试,另一个选项(无需创建伪指令)只是忽略缺失指令的错误:

  schemas: [ NO_ERRORS_SCHEMA ]
  

  您将添加到测试模块配置(如看到这里).在某些情况下,这可能是不可取的,因为它也可能忽略您实际想要检测到的错误,这可能导致难以调试测试.

• 如果您真的想单击链接并测试路由,那么您可以使用真正的路由器.你可以看到你如何测试导航,使用的例子Location,在看到这个帖子.