C#获取通用类型名称

Question

当type.IsGenericType= 时,我需要一些方法来获取类型的名称true.

    Type t = typeof(List<String>);
    MessageBox.Show( ..?.. );

我想要的是一个弹出消息框,List显示......我该怎么做？

Answer 1

您可以实现扩展方法来获取类型的"友好名称",如下所示:

public static class TypeNameExtensions
{
    public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type)
    {
        string friendlyName = type.Name;
        if (type.IsGenericType)
        {
            int iBacktick = friendlyName.IndexOf('`');
            if (iBacktick > 0)
            {
                friendlyName = friendlyName.Remove(iBacktick);
            }
            friendlyName += "<";
            Type[] typeParameters = type.GetGenericArguments();
            for (int i = 0; i < typeParameters.Length; ++i)
            {
                string typeParamName = GetFriendlyName(typeParameters[i]);
                friendlyName += (i == 0 ? typeParamName : "," + typeParamName);
            }
            friendlyName += ">";
        }

        return friendlyName;
    }
}

在您的项目中,您现在可以说:

MessageBox.Show(t.GetFriendlyName());

它将显示"List <String>".

我知道OP没有要求泛型类型参数,但我更喜欢它.;-)

命名空间,内置类型的标准别名以及StringBuilder的使用留给读者练习.;-)

Answer 2

Type t = ...;

if (t.IsGenericType)
{
    Type g = t.GetGenericTypeDefinition();

    MessageBox.Show(g.Name);                                // displays "List`1"

    MessageBox.Show(g.Name.Remove(g.Name.IndexOf('`')));    // displays "List"
}

Answer 3

我接受了yoyo的方法.确保更原始的友好名称,处理数组,并递归处理嵌套泛型.还有单元测试.

    private static readonly Dictionary<Type, string> _typeToFriendlyName = new Dictionary<Type, string>
    {
        { typeof(string), "string" },
        { typeof(object), "object" },
        { typeof(bool), "bool" },
        { typeof(byte), "byte" },
        { typeof(char), "char" },
        { typeof(decimal), "decimal" },
        { typeof(double), "double" },
        { typeof(short), "short" },
        { typeof(int), "int" },
        { typeof(long), "long" },
        { typeof(sbyte), "sbyte" },
        { typeof(float), "float" },
        { typeof(ushort), "ushort" },
        { typeof(uint), "uint" },
        { typeof(ulong), "ulong" },
        { typeof(void), "void" }
    };

    public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type)
    {
        string friendlyName;
        if (_typeToFriendlyName.TryGetValue(type, out friendlyName))
        {
            return friendlyName;
        }

        friendlyName = type.Name;
        if (type.IsGenericType)
        {
            int backtick = friendlyName.IndexOf('`');
            if (backtick > 0)
            {
                friendlyName = friendlyName.Remove(backtick);
            }
            friendlyName += "<";
            Type[] typeParameters = type.GetGenericArguments();
            for (int i = 0; i < typeParameters.Length; i++)
            {
                string typeParamName = typeParameters[i].GetFriendlyName();
                friendlyName += (i == 0 ? typeParamName : ", " + typeParamName);
            }
            friendlyName += ">";
        }

        if (type.IsArray)
        {
            return type.GetElementType().GetFriendlyName() + "[]";
        }

        return friendlyName;
    }

[TestFixture]
public class TypeHelperTest
{
    [Test]
    public void TestGetFriendlyName()
    {
        Assert.AreEqual("string", typeof(string).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("int[]", typeof(int[]).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("int[][]", typeof(int[][]).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("KeyValuePair<int, string>", typeof(KeyValuePair<int, string>).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("Tuple<int, string>", typeof(Tuple<int, string>).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("Tuple<KeyValuePair<object, long>, string>", typeof(Tuple<KeyValuePair<object, long>, string>).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("List<Tuple<int, string>>", typeof(List<Tuple<int, string>>).FriendlyName());
        Assert.AreEqual("Tuple<short[], string>", typeof(Tuple<short[], string>).FriendlyName());
    }
}

Answer 4

假设你只是想看到它List<T>而不是List<string>你需要做的:

MessageBox.Show(t.GetGenericTypeDefinition().FullName)

请参阅http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.type.getgenerictypedefinition.aspx

Answer 5

public static class TypeNameExtensions
{
    public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type)
    {
        var friendlyName = type.Name;
        if (!type.IsGenericType) return friendlyName;

        var iBacktick = friendlyName.IndexOf('`');
        if (iBacktick > 0) friendlyName = friendlyName.Remove(iBacktick);

        var genericParameters = type.GetGenericArguments().Select(x => x.GetFriendlyName());
        friendlyName += "<" + string.Join(", ", genericParameters) + ">";

        return friendlyName;
    }
}

Answer 6

这是我对此的看法.我没有进行反复检查,因为我看到它总是在那里.如果你愿意,你可以添加它,但我喜欢保持简单.

public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type)
{
    if (type.IsGenericType)
    {
        var name = type.Name.Substring(0, type.Name.IndexOf('`'));
        var types = string.Join(",", type.GetGenericArguments().Select(GetFriendlyName));
        return $"{name}<{types}>";
    }
    else
    {
        return type.Name;
    }
}

Answer 7

我知道这是一个老问题，但我和一位同事需要为一些智能感知/roslyn 工作做这件事。最优解似乎是阿里的解，但对嵌套类型不起作用：

    int i = 1; //would work
    List<string> listTest = new List<string>(); //would work
    Dictionary<string, int> dictTest = new Dictionary<string, int>(); //would work
    Dictionary<int, List<string>> nestTest = new Dictionary<int, List<string>>(); //would fail
    Dictionary<int, List<Dictionary<string, List<object>>>> superNestTest = new Dictionary<int, List<Dictionary<string, List<object>>>>(); //would fail
    Dictionary<int, List<Dictionary<string, int>>> superNestTest2 = new Dictionary<int, List<Dictionary<string, int>>>(); //would fail

为了解决这些问题，我将函数转换为递归方法：

public static class TypeExtensions
{
    public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type)
    {
        string friendlyName = type.FullName;
        if (type.IsGenericType)
        {
            friendlyName = GetTypeString(type);
        }
        return friendlyName;
    }

    private static string GetTypeString(Type type)
    {
        var t = type.AssemblyQualifiedName;

        var output = new StringBuilder();
        List<string> typeStrings = new List<string>();  

        int iAssyBackTick = t.IndexOf('`') + 1;
        output.Append(t.Substring(0, iAssyBackTick - 1).Replace("[", string.Empty));
        var genericTypes = type.GetGenericArguments();

        foreach (var genType in genericTypes)
        {
            typeStrings.Add(genType.IsGenericType ? GetTypeString(genType) : genType.ToString());
        }

        output.Append($"<{string.Join(",", typeStrings)}>");
        return output.ToString();
    }
}

为前面的示例/测试用例运行产生以下输出：

System.Int32
System.Collections.Generic.List<System.String>
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.String,System.Int32>
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.Int32,System.Collections.Generic.List<System.String>>
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.Int32,System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.String,System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Object>>>>
System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.Int32,System.Collections.Generic.List<System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary<System.String,System.Int32>>>

我花了一些时间试图解决嵌套类型问题，所以想在这里记录一下，以确保将来其他人可以节省大量时间（和头痛！）。我也检查了性能，它在微秒内完成（在最后一种情况下为 8 微秒：

性能结果
（从原始场景列表中使用的变量名称）
"i" | 43uS
"listTest" | 3uS
"dictTest" | 2uS
"nestTest" | 5uS
"superNestTest" | 9uS
"superNestTest2" | 9uS
对每个场景执行上述代码 200 次后的平均次数

Answer 8

Here is a complete implementation based on the previous answers supporting both Aliases (including Nullable) and Arrays:

public static class TypeNameExtensions
{
    public static string GetFriendlyName(this Type type, bool aliasNullable = true, bool includeSpaceAfterComma = true)
    {
        TryGetInnerElementType(ref type, out string arrayBrackets);
        if (!TryGetNameAliasNonArray(type, out string friendlyName))
        {
            if (!type.IsGenericType)
            {
                friendlyName = type.Name;
            }
            else
            {
                if (aliasNullable && type.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(System.Nullable<>))
                {
                    string generics = GetFriendlyName(type.GetGenericArguments()[0]);
                    friendlyName = generics + "?";
                }
                else
                {
                    string generics = GetFriendlyGenericArguments(type, includeSpaceAfterComma);
                    int iBacktick = type.Name.IndexOf('`');
                    friendlyName = (iBacktick > 0 ? type.Name.Remove(iBacktick) : type.Name)
                        + $"<{generics}>";
                }
            }
        }
        return friendlyName + arrayBrackets;
    }

    public static bool TryGetNameAlias(this Type type, out string alias)
    {
        TryGetInnerElementType(ref type, out string arrayBrackets);
        if (!TryGetNameAliasNonArray(type, out alias))
            return false;
        alias += arrayBrackets;
        return true;
    }

    private static string GetFriendlyGenericArguments(Type type, bool includeSpaceAfterComma)
        => string.Join(
            includeSpaceAfterComma ? ", " : ",",
            type.GetGenericArguments().Select(t => t.GetFriendlyName())
            );

    private static bool TryGetNameAliasNonArray(Type type, out string alias)
        => (alias = TypeAliases[(int)Type.GetTypeCode(type)]) != null
        && !type.IsEnum;

    private static bool TryGetInnerElementType(ref Type type, out string arrayBrackets)
    {
        arrayBrackets = null;
        if (!type.IsArray)
            return false;
        do
        {
            arrayBrackets += "[" + new string(',', type.GetArrayRank() - 1) + "]";
            type = type.GetElementType();
        }
        while (type.IsArray);
        return true;
    }

    private static readonly string[] TypeAliases = {
        "void",     // 0
        null,       // 1 (any other type)
        "DBNull",   // 2
        "bool",     // 3
        "char",     // 4
        "sbyte",    // 5
        "byte",     // 6
        "short",    // 7
        "ushort",   // 8
        "int",      // 9
        "uint",     // 10
        "long",     // 11
        "ulong",    // 12
        "float",    // 13
        "double",   // 14
        "decimal",  // 15
        null,       // 16 (DateTime)
        null,       // 17 (-undefined-)
        "string",   // 18
    };
}

Tested with nonsense such as:

var type = typeof(Dictionary<string[,], List<int?[,][]>[,,]>[]);
var name = type.GetFriendlyName();
Console.WriteLine(name);

And it does indeed return: "Dictionary<string[,], List<int?[,][]>[,,]>[]"

Edit: Updated to properly handle enum types.