Tkinter 如何区分 <Key> 和 <Control-Key> 绑定？

Question

这可能是一个简单的答案。

我有一个文本小部件，我想将任何字母数字键盘键（a-zA-Z0-9_ 和其余常规键）绑定到特定方法，并将Ctrl+F绑定到另一个方法。

使用widget.bind("<Key>", method)将创建以下内容：

1. 单击Ctrl+F将调用method两次，一次用于Ctrl( event.keysym = Control_L, event.char = None)，第二次用于F( event.keysym = f, event.char = <invalid>)
2. 单击F将调用method( event.keysym = f, event.char = f)

有没有办法区分这两种情况？

Answer 1

您可以绑定<Control-f>和<f>（与其他键相同）。

import tkinter as tk

# --- functions ---

def key_f(event):
    print('key: f')

def key_shift_f(event):
    print('key: Shift + f')

def key_control_f(event):
    print('key: Control + f')

def key_control_shift_f(event):
    print('key: Control+Shift + f')

# --- main ---

root = tk.Tk()

#root.bind("<f>", key_f) # it works too
#root.bind("<F>", key_shift_f) # it works too
root.bind("f", key_f)
root.bind("F", key_shift_f)
root.bind("<Control-f>", key_control_f)
root.bind("<Control-F>", key_control_shift_f)

root.mainloop()

或者您可以使用event.state & 4来识别密钥Control。

您需要按位，&因为它保留有关其他特殊键的信息

（Masks/Modifier参见http://infohost.nmt.edu/tcc/help/pubs/tkinter/web/event-handlers.html）

import tkinter as tk

# --- functions ---

def method(event):
    print('-----')
    print('[DEBUG] event.char  :', event.char)
    print('[DEBUG] event.keysym:', event.keysym)
    print('[DEBUG] event.state :', event.state, '=', bin(event.state))

    if event.char: # skip Control_L, etc.

        # if you need `& 5` then it has to be before `& 4` 

        if event.state & 5 == 5: # it needs `== 5` because `& 5` can give results `5`, `4` or `1` which give `True` or `0` which gives `False`
            print('method: Control+Shift +', event.keysym)

        elif event.state & 4: # it doesn't need `== 4` because `& 4` can give only results `4` or `0`
            print('method: Control +', event.keysym)

        elif event.state & 1: # it doesn't need `== 1` because `& 1` can give only results `1` or `0`
            print('method: Shift +', event.keysym)

        else:
            print('method:', event.keysym)

# --- main ---

root = tk.Tk()

root.bind("<Key>", method)

root.mainloop()