Nic*_*hrn 2 unit-testing timer mocking swift
我正在工作一个将利用 SwiftTimer类的项目。我的TimerController班级将Timer通过启动、暂停、恢复和重置实例来控制它。
TimerController 由以下代码组成:
internal final class TimerController {
// MARK: - Properties
private var timer = Timer()
private let timerIntervalInSeconds = TimeInterval(1)
internal private(set) var durationInSeconds: TimeInterval
// MARK: - Initialization
internal init(seconds: Double) {
durationInSeconds = TimeInterval(seconds)
}
// MARK: - Timer Control
// Starts and resumes the timer
internal func startTimer() {
timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(timeInterval: timerIntervalInSeconds, target: self, selector: #selector(handleTimerFire), userInfo: nil, repeats: true)
}
internal func pauseTimer() {
invalidateTimer()
}
internal func resetTimer() {
invalidateTimer()
durationInSeconds = 0
}
// MARK: - Helpers
@objc private func handleTimerFire() {
durationInSeconds += 1
}
private func invalidateTimer() {
timer.invalidate()
}
}
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目前,我的TimerControllerTests包含以下代码:
class TimerControllerTests: XCTestCase {
func test_TimerController_DurationInSeconds_IsSet() {
let expected: TimeInterval = 60
let controller = TimerController(seconds: 60)
XCTAssertEqual(controller.durationInSeconds, expected, "'durationInSeconds' is not set to correct value.")
}
}
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我能够测试在初始化TimerController. 但是,我不知道从哪里开始测试TimerController.
我想,以确保班级成功处理startTimer(),pauseTimer()和resetTimer()。我希望我的单元测试尽可能快地运行,但我认为我需要实际启动、暂停和停止计时器来测试durationInSeconds在调用适当的方法后属性是否更新。
TimerController在我的单元测试中实际创建计时器并调用方法以验证durationInSeconds是否已正确更新是否合适?
我意识到它会减慢我的单元测试速度,但我不知道另一种适当测试此类及其预期操作的方法。
更新
我一直在做一些研究,我发现,就我的测试而言,我认为这是一个似乎可以完成工作的解决方案。但是,我不确定这种实现是否足够。
我重新实现了我的TimerController如下:
internal final class TimerController {
// MARK: - Properties
private var timer = Timer()
private let timerIntervalInSeconds = TimeInterval(1)
internal private(set) var durationInSeconds: TimeInterval
internal var isTimerValid: Bool {
return timer.isValid
}
// MARK: - Initialization
internal init(seconds: Double) {
durationInSeconds = TimeInterval(seconds)
}
// MARK: - Timer Control
internal func startTimer(fireCompletion: (() -> Void)?) {
timer = Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: timerIntervalInSeconds, repeats: true, block: { [unowned self] _ in
self.durationInSeconds -= 1
fireCompletion?()
})
}
internal func pauseTimer() {
invalidateTimer()
}
internal func resetTimer() {
invalidateTimer()
durationInSeconds = 0
}
// MARK: - Helpers
private func invalidateTimer() {
timer.invalidate()
}
}
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此外,我的测试文件已通过测试:
class TimerControllerTests: XCTestCase {
// MARK: - Properties
var timerController: TimerController!
// MARK: - Setup
override func setUp() {
timerController = TimerController(seconds: 1)
}
// MARK: - Teardown
override func tearDown() {
timerController.resetTimer()
super.tearDown()
}
// MARK: - Time
func test_TimerController_DurationInSeconds_IsSet() {
let expected: TimeInterval = 60
let timerController = TimerController(seconds: 60)
XCTAssertEqual(timerController.durationInSeconds, expected, "'durationInSeconds' is not set to correct value.")
}
func test_TimerController_DurationInSeconds_IsZeroAfterTimerIsFinished() {
let numberOfSeconds: TimeInterval = 1
let durationExpectation = expectation(description: "durationExpectation")
timerController = TimerController(seconds: numberOfSeconds)
timerController.startTimer(fireCompletion: nil)
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + numberOfSeconds, execute: {
durationExpectation.fulfill()
XCTAssertEqual(0, self.timerController.durationInSeconds, "'durationInSeconds' is not set to correct value.")
})
waitForExpectations(timeout: numberOfSeconds + 1, handler: nil)
}
// MARK: - Timer State
func test_TimerController_TimerIsValidAfterTimerStarts() {
let timerValidityExpectation = expectation(description: "timerValidity")
timerController.startTimer {
timerValidityExpectation.fulfill()
XCTAssertTrue(self.timerController.isTimerValid, "Timer is invalid.")
}
waitForExpectations(timeout: 5, handler: nil)
}
func test_TimerController_TimerIsInvalidAfterTimerIsPaused() {
let timerValidityExpectation = expectation(description: "timerValidity")
timerController.startTimer {
self.timerController.pauseTimer()
timerValidityExpectation.fulfill()
XCTAssertFalse(self.timerController.isTimerValid, "Timer is valid")
}
waitForExpectations(timeout: 5, handler: nil)
}
func test_TimerController_TimerIsInvalidAfterTimerIsReset() {
let timerValidityExpectation = expectation(description: "timerValidity")
timerController.startTimer {
self.timerController.resetTimer()
timerValidityExpectation.fulfill()
XCTAssertFalse(self.timerController.isTimerValid, "Timer is valid")
}
waitForExpectations(timeout: 5, handler: nil)
}
}
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我唯一能想到的使测试更快的方法是让我模拟课程并更改let timerIntervalInSeconds = TimeInterval(1)为private let timerIntervalInSeconds = TimeInterval(0.1).
模拟课程以便我可以使用较小的时间间隔进行测试是否太过分了?
我们可以验证对测试替身的调用,而不是使用真正的计时器(这会很慢)。
挑战在于代码调用了工厂方法Timer.scheduledTimer(…). 这会锁定依赖项。如果测试可以提供模拟计时器,则测试会更容易。
通常,注入工厂的一个好方法是提供一个闭包。我们可以在初始化程序中执行此操作,并提供一个默认值。然后,默认情况下,闭包将实际调用工厂方法。
在这种情况下,它有点复杂,因为对Timer.scheduledTimer(…)自身的调用需要一个闭包:
internal init(seconds: Double,
makeRepeatingTimer: @escaping (TimeInterval, @escaping (TimerProtocol) -> Void) -> TimerProtocol = {
return Timer.scheduledTimer(withTimeInterval: $0, repeats: true, block: $1)
}) {
durationInSeconds = TimeInterval(seconds)
self.makeRepeatingTimer = makeRepeatingTimer
}
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请注意,我删除Timer了块内对except 的所有引用。其他地方都使用新定义的TimerProtocol.
self.makeRepeatingTimer是闭包属性。从 调用它startTimer(…)。
现在测试代码可以提供不同的闭包:
class TimerControllerTests: XCTestCase {
var makeRepeatingTimerCallCount = 0
var lastMockTimer: MockTimer?
func testSomething() {
let sut = TimerController(seconds: 12, makeRepeatingTimer: { [unowned self] interval, closure in
self.makeRepeatingTimerCallCount += 1
self.lastMockTimer = MockTimer(interval: interval, closure: closure)
return self.lastMockTimer!
})
// call something on sut
// verify against makeRepeatingTimerCallCount and lastMockTimer
}
}
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