Angular2 - 输入字段仅接受数字

Question

在Angular2中,如何屏蔽输入字段(文本框),使其仅接受数字而不接受字母？

我有以下HTML输入:

<input 
  type="text" 
  *ngSwitchDefault 
  class="form-control" 
  (change)="onInputChange()" 
  [(ngModel)]="config.Value" 
  (focus)="handleFocus($event)" 
  (blur)="handleBlur($event)"
/>

上面的输入是通用文本输入,可以用作简单文本字段或数字字段(例如显示年份).

使用angular2,我如何使用相同的输入控件并在此字段上应用某种过滤器/蒙版,这样它只接受数字？我可以通过哪些不同方式实现这一目标？

注意:我需要仅使用文本框而不使用输入数字类型来实现此目的.

Answer 1

您可以使用angular2指令.Plunkr

import { Directive, ElementRef, HostListener, Input } from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
  selector: '[OnlyNumber]'
})
export class OnlyNumber {

  constructor(private el: ElementRef) { }

  @Input() OnlyNumber: boolean;

  @HostListener('keydown', ['$event']) onKeyDown(event) {
    let e = <KeyboardEvent> event;
    if (this.OnlyNumber) {
      if ([46, 8, 9, 27, 13, 110, 190].indexOf(e.keyCode) !== -1 ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+A
        (e.keyCode === 65 && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+C
        (e.keyCode === 67 && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+V
        (e.keyCode === 86 && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+X
        (e.keyCode === 88 && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
        // Allow: home, end, left, right
        (e.keyCode >= 35 && e.keyCode <= 39)) {
          // let it happen, don't do anything
          return;
        }
        // Ensure that it is a number and stop the keypress
        if ((e.shiftKey || (e.keyCode < 48 || e.keyCode > 57)) && (e.keyCode < 96 || e.keyCode > 105)) {
            e.preventDefault();
        }
      }
  }
}

并且您需要在输入中将指令名称作为属性编写

<input OnlyNumber="true" />

不要忘记在模块的声明数组中编写指令.

通过使用正则表达式,您仍然需要功能键

export class OnlyNumber {

  regexStr = '^[0-9]*$';
  constructor(private el: ElementRef) { }

  @Input() OnlyNumber: boolean;

  @HostListener('keydown', ['$event']) onKeyDown(event) {
    let e = <KeyboardEvent> event;
    if (this.OnlyNumber) {
        if ([46, 8, 9, 27, 13, 110, 190].indexOf(e.keyCode) !== -1 ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+A
        (e.keyCode == 65 && e.ctrlKey === true) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+C
        (e.keyCode == 67 && e.ctrlKey === true) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+V
        (e.keyCode == 86 && e.ctrlKey === true) ||
        // Allow: Ctrl+X
        (e.keyCode == 88 && e.ctrlKey === true) ||
        // Allow: home, end, left, right
        (e.keyCode >= 35 && e.keyCode <= 39)) {
          // let it happen, don't do anything
          return;
        }
      let ch = String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode);
      let regEx =  new RegExp(this.regexStr);    
      if(regEx.test(ch))
        return;
      else
         e.preventDefault();
      }
  }
}

Answer 2

如果你不想要一个指令

https://stackblitz.com/edit/numeric-only

在component.html中

<input (keypress)="numberOnly($event)" type="text">

在component.ts中

export class AppComponent {

  numberOnly(event): boolean {
    const charCode = (event.which) ? event.which : event.keyCode;
    if (charCode > 31 && (charCode < 48 || charCode > 57)) {
      return false;
    }
    return true;

  }
}

Answer 3

我想建立@omeralper给出的答案,我认为这为一个可靠的解决方案提供了良好的基础.

我建议的是一个简化的最新版本,其中包含最新的Web标准.请务必注意,event.keycode已从Web标准中删除,未来的浏览器更新可能不再支持它.请参阅https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/keyCode

此外,该方法

String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode);

不保证与用户按下的键有关的keyCode映射到用户键盘上标识的预期字母,因为不同的键盘配置将导致特定的键码不同的字符.使用它会引入难以识别的错误,并且很容易破坏某些用户的功能.相反,我建议使用event.key,请参阅此处的文档https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/key

此外,我们只希望结果输出是有效的小数.这意味着应接受数字1,11.2,5000.2341234,但不应接受值1.1.2.

请注意,在我的解决方案中,我不包括剪切,复制和粘贴功能,因为它打开了窗口中的错误,尤其是当人们在相关字段中粘贴不需要的文本时.这需要在keyup处理程序上进行清理过程; 这不是这个帖子的范围.

这是我提出的解决方案.

import { Directive, ElementRef, HostListener } from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
    selector: '[myNumberOnly]'
})
export class NumberOnlyDirective {
    // Allow decimal numbers. The \. is only allowed once to occur
    private regex: RegExp = new RegExp(/^[0-9]+(\.[0-9]*){0,1}$/g);

    // Allow key codes for special events. Reflect :
    // Backspace, tab, end, home
    private specialKeys: Array<string> = [ 'Backspace', 'Tab', 'End', 'Home' ];

    constructor(private el: ElementRef) {
    }

    @HostListener('keydown', [ '$event' ])
    onKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
        // Allow Backspace, tab, end, and home keys
        if (this.specialKeys.indexOf(event.key) !== -1) {
            return;
        }

        // Do not use event.keycode this is deprecated.
        // See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/keyCode
        let current: string = this.el.nativeElement.value;
        // We need this because the current value on the DOM element
        // is not yet updated with the value from this event
        let next: string = current.concat(event.key);
        if (next && !String(next).match(this.regex)) {
            event.preventDefault();
        }
    }
}

Answer 4

我知道这是一个老问题,但由于这是一个常见的功能,我想分享我所做的修改:

• 自定义小数点分隔符(点或逗号)
• 仅支持整数或整数和小数
• 仅支持正数或正数和负数
• 验证减号( - )在开头
• 支持鼠标粘贴(虽然有一些限制,但https://caniuse.com/#feat=clipboard)
• 支持Mac命令键

• 替换".33"和"33"之类的字符串.对于正确的版本:0.33和33.0

  import { Directive, ElementRef, HostListener, Input } from '@angular/core';
  
  @Directive({ selector: '[NumbersOnly]' })
  export class NumbersOnly { 
  
      @Input() allowDecimals: boolean = true;
      @Input() allowSign: boolean = false;
      @Input() decimalSeparator: string = '.';
  
      previousValue: string = '';
  
      // --------------------------------------
      //  Regular expressions
      integerUnsigned: string = '^[0-9]*$';
      integerSigned: string = '^-?[0-9]+$';
      decimalUnsigned: string = '^[0-9]+(.[0-9]+)?$';
      decimalSigned: string = '^-?[0-9]+(.[0-9]+)?$';
  
      /**
       * Class constructor
       * @param hostElement
       */
      constructor(private hostElement: ElementRef) { }
  
      /**
       * Event handler for host's change event
       * @param e
       */
      @HostListener('change', ['$event']) onChange(e) {
  
              this.validateValue(this.hostElement.nativeElement.value);
  }
  
  /**
   * Event handler for host's paste event
   * @param e
   */
  @HostListener('paste', ['$event']) onPaste(e) {
  
      // get and validate data from clipboard
      let value = e.clipboardData.getData('text/plain');
      this.validateValue(value);
      e.preventDefault();
  }
  
  /**
   * Event handler for host's keydown event
   * @param event
   */
  @HostListener('keydown', ['$event']) onKeyDown(e: KeyboardEvent) {
  
      let cursorPosition: number = e.target['selectionStart'];
      let originalValue: string = e.target['value'];
      let key: string = this.getName(e);
      let controlOrCommand = (e.ctrlKey === true || e.metaKey === true);
      let signExists = originalValue.includes('-');
      let separatorExists = originalValue.includes(this.decimalSeparator);
  
      // allowed keys apart from numeric characters
      let allowedKeys = [
          'Backspace', 'ArrowLeft', 'ArrowRight', 'Escape', 'Tab'
      ];
  
      // when decimals are allowed, add
      // decimal separator to allowed codes when
      // its position is not close to the the sign (-. and .-)
      let separatorIsCloseToSign = (signExists && cursorPosition <= 1);
      if (this.allowDecimals && !separatorIsCloseToSign && !separatorExists) {
  
          if (this.decimalSeparator == '.')
              allowedKeys.push('.');
          else
              allowedKeys.push(',');
      }
  
      // when minus sign is allowed, add its
      // key to allowed key only when the
      // cursor is in the first position, and
      // first character is different from
      // decimal separator
      let firstCharacterIsSeparator = (originalValue.charAt(0) != this.decimalSeparator);
      if (this.allowSign && !signExists &&
          firstCharacterIsSeparator && cursorPosition == 0) {
  
          allowedKeys.push('-');
      }
  
      // allow some non-numeric characters
      if (allowedKeys.indexOf(key) != -1 ||
          // Allow: Ctrl+A and Command+A
          (key == 'a' && controlOrCommand) ||
          // Allow: Ctrl+C and Command+C
          (key == 'c' && controlOrCommand) ||
          // Allow: Ctrl+V and Command+V
          (key == 'v' && controlOrCommand) ||
          // Allow: Ctrl+X and Command+X
          (key == 'x' && controlOrCommand)) {
          // let it happen, don't do anything
          return;
      }
  
      // save value before keydown event
      this.previousValue = originalValue;
  
      // allow number characters only
      let isNumber = (new RegExp(this.integerUnsigned)).test(key);
      if (isNumber) return; else e.preventDefault();
  }
  
  /**
   * Test whether value is a valid number or not
   * @param value
   */
  validateValue(value: string): void {
  
      // choose the appropiate regular expression
      let regex: string;
      if (!this.allowDecimals && !this.allowSign) regex = this.integerUnsigned;
      if (!this.allowDecimals && this.allowSign) regex = this.integerSigned;
      if (this.allowDecimals && !this.allowSign) regex = this.decimalUnsigned;
      if (this.allowDecimals &&  this.allowSign) regex = this.decimalSigned;
  
      // when a numbers begins with a decimal separator,
      // fix it adding a zero in the beginning
      let firstCharacter = value.charAt(0);
      if (firstCharacter == this.decimalSeparator)
          value = 0 + value;
  
      // when a numbers ends with a decimal separator,
      // fix it adding a zero in the end
      let lastCharacter = value.charAt(value.length-1);
      if (lastCharacter == this.decimalSeparator)
          value = value + 0;
  
      // test number with regular expression, when
      // number is invalid, replace it with a zero
      let valid: boolean = (new RegExp(regex)).test(value);
      this.hostElement.nativeElement['value'] = valid ? value : 0;
  }
  
  /**
   * Get key's name
   * @param e
   */
  getName(e): string {
  
      if (e.key) {
  
          return e.key;
  
      } else {
  
          // for old browsers
          if (e.keyCode && String.fromCharCode) {
  
              switch (e.keyCode) {
                  case   8: return 'Backspace';
                  case   9: return 'Tab';
                  case  27: return 'Escape';
                  case  37: return 'ArrowLeft';
                  case  39: return 'ArrowRight';
                  case 188: return ',';
                  case 190: return '.';
                  case 109: return '-'; // minus in numbpad
                  case 173: return '-'; // minus in alphabet keyboard in firefox
                  case 189: return '-'; // minus in alphabet keyboard in chrome
                  default: return String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode);
              }
          }
      }
  }
  

用法:

 <input NumbersOnly
        [allowDecimals]="true"
        [allowSign]="true"
        type="text">

Answer 5

<input type="text" (keypress)="keyPress($event)">


  keyPress(event: any) {
    const pattern = /[0-9\+\-\ ]/;

    let inputChar = String.fromCharCode(event.charCode);
    if (event.keyCode != 8 && !pattern.test(inputChar)) {
      event.preventDefault();
    }
  }

Answer 6

更简洁的解决方案.试试这个指令.

如果您正在使用ReactiveForms,也可以使用它.

export class NumberOnlyDirective {
  private el: NgControl;

  constructor(private ngControl: NgControl) {
    this.el = ngControl;
  }

  // Listen for the input event to also handle copy and paste.
  @HostListener('input', ['$event.target.value'])
  onInput(value: string) {
    // Use NgControl patchValue to prevent the issue on validation
    this.el.control.patchValue(value.replace(/[^0-9]/g, ''));
  }
}

在输入上使用它如下:

<input matInput formControlName="aNumberField" numberOnly>

Answer 7

我知道这有很多答案，但我需要处理以下问题（似乎没有一个答案完全支持）：

• 支持 textarea 并选择多行
• 小数或负数
• 每行最大长度
• 跨浏览器支持（Chrome、Edge、IE 11）
• 处理剪切/粘贴操作和事件

该解决方案允许我像​​这样定义一个 textarea：

<textarea class="form-control" [(ngModel)]="this.myModelVariable"
    appOnlyNumbers [allowNegative]="true" [allowMultiLine]="true" 
    [allowDecimal]="true" [maxLength]="10"
    placeholder="Enter values (one per line)"></textarea>

或者如果我只想要正整数

<textarea class="form-control" [(ngModel)]="this.myModelVariable"
    appOnlyNumbers [allowMultiLine]="true" [maxLength]="9"
    placeholder="Enter values (one per line)"></textarea>

这是我的指令：

import { Directive, HostListener, Input, ElementRef } from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
  selector: '[appOnlyNumbers]'
})
export class OnlyNumbersDirective {
  constructor(private el: ElementRef) { }

  @Input() allowMultiLine: boolean = false;
  @Input() allowNegative: boolean = false;
  @Input() allowDecimal: boolean = false;
  @Input() maxLength: number = 0;
  regex: RegExp;

  @HostListener('keypress', ['$event'])
  onKeyPress(event: KeyboardEvent) {
    this.validate(event, event.key === 'Enter' ? '\n' : event.key);
  }

  @HostListener('paste', ['$event'])
  onPaste(event: Event) {
    const pastedText = (<any>window).clipboardData && (<any>window).clipboardData.getData('Text') // If IE, use window
      || <ClipboardEvent>event && (<ClipboardEvent>event).clipboardData.getData('text/plain'); // Non-IE browsers
    this.validate(event, pastedText);
  }

  @HostListener('cut', ['$event'])
  onCut(event: Event) {
    this.validate(event, '');
  }

  validate(event: Event, text: string) {
    const txtInput = this.el.nativeElement;
    const newValue = (txtInput.value.substring(0, txtInput.selectionStart)
      + text + txtInput.value.substring(txtInput.selectionEnd));
    if (!this.regex) {
      this.regex = <RegExp>eval('/^'
        + (this.allowNegative ? '-?' : '')
        + (this.allowDecimal ? '((\\d+\\.?)|(\\.?))\\d*' : '\\d*')
        + '$/g');
    }
    var lines = this.allowMultiLine ? newValue.split('\n') : [newValue];
    for (let line of lines) {
      let lineText = line.replace('\r', '');
      if (this.maxLength && lineText.length > this.maxLength || !lineText.match(this.regex)) {
        event.preventDefault();
        return;
      }
    }
  }

}

Answer 8

您需要使用type ="number"而不是文本.您还可以指定最大和最小数字

<input type="number" name="quantity" min="1" max="5">

Answer 9

你可以像这样实现它

<input type="text" pInputText (keypress)="onlyNumberKey($event)" maxlength="3"> 

onlyNumberKey(event) {
    return (event.charCode == 8 || event.charCode == 0) ? null : event.charCode >= 48 && event.charCode <= 57;
}

//for Decimal you can use this as

onlyDecimalNumberKey(event) {
    let charCode = (event.which) ? event.which : event.keyCode;
    if (charCode != 46 && charCode > 31
        && (charCode < 48 || charCode > 57))
        return false;
    return true;
}

希望这会帮助你.

Answer 10

最佳答案的现代方法（不推荐使用 e.keyCode）：

@HostListener('keydown', ['$event']) onKeyDown(event) {
    let e = <KeyboardEvent> event;
    if (['Delete', 'Backspace', 'Tab', 'Escape', 'Enter', 'NumLock', 'ArrowLeft', 'ArrowRight', 'End', 'Home', '.'].indexOf(e.key) !== -1 ||
      // Allow: Ctrl+A
      (e.key === 'a' && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
      // Allow: Ctrl+C
      (e.key === 'c' && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
      // Allow: Ctrl+V
      (e.key === 'v' && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey)) ||
      // Allow: Ctrl+X
      (e.key === 'x' && (e.ctrlKey || e.metaKey))) {
      // let it happen, don't do anything
      return;
    }
    // Ensure that it is a number and stop the keypress
    if ((e.shiftKey || ['0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'].indexOf(e.key) === -1)) {
      e.preventDefault();
    }
}

Answer 11

使用pattern属性进行输入,如下所示:

<input type="text" pattern="[0-9]+" >

Answer 12

1. <input oninput="this.value=this.value.replace(/[^0-9]/g,'')"

或： 2. 在 HTML 文件中：

 <input [(ngModel)]="data" (keypress)="stripText($event)"
     class="form-control">

在 ts 文件中：

stripText(event) {
const seperator  = '^([0-9])';
const maskSeperator =  new RegExp(seperator , 'g');  
let result =maskSeperator.test(event.key);   return result;   }

这 2 个解决方案有效

Answer 13

您可以使用正则表达式：

<input type="text" (keypress)="numericOnly($event)">

numericOnly(event): boolean {    
    let patt = /^([0-9])$/;
    let result = patt.test(event.key);
    return result;
}

Answer 14

感谢 JeanPaul A. 和 rdanielmurphy。我已经制定了自己的自定义指令，用于将输入字段限制为仅数字。还添加了 max 和 min 输入属性。也将在角度 7 下工作。

角

    import { Directive, ElementRef, Input, HostListener } from '@angular/core';

@Directive({
  selector: '[appNumberOnly]'
})
export class NumberOnlyDirective {
  // Allow decimal numbers. The \. is only allowed once to occur
  private regex: RegExp = new RegExp(/^[0-9]+(\.[0-9]*){0,1}$/g);

  // Allow key codes for special events. Reflect :
  // Backspace, tab, end, home
  private specialKeys: Array<string> = ['Backspace', 'Tab', 'End', 'Home'];
  constructor(private el: ElementRef) { }

  @Input() maxlength: number;
  @Input() min: number;
  @Input() max: number;

  @HostListener('keydown', ['$event'])
  onKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
    // Allow Backspace, tab, end, and home keys
    if (this.specialKeys.indexOf(event.key) !== -1) {
      return;
    }

    // Do not use event.keycode this is deprecated.
    // See: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/KeyboardEvent/keyCode
    const current: string = this.el.nativeElement.value;

    // We need this because the current value on the DOM element
    // is not yet updated with the value from this event
    const next: string = current.concat(event.key);
    if (next && !String(next).match(this.regex) || (this.maxlength && next.length > this.maxlength) ||
      (this.min && +next < this.min) ||
      (this.max && +next >= this.max)) {
      event.preventDefault();
    }
  }

  @HostListener('paste', ['$event']) onPaste(event) {
    // Don't allow pasted text that contains non-numerics
    const pastedText = (event.originalEvent || event).clipboardData.getData('text/plain');

    if (pastedText) {
      const regEx = new RegExp('^[0-9]*$');
      if (!regEx.test(pastedText) || (this.maxlength && pastedText.length > this.maxlength) ||
        (this.min && +pastedText < this.min) ||
        (this.max && +pastedText >= this.max)) {
        event.preventDefault();
      }
    }
  }

}

HTML

<input type="text" class="text-area" [(ngModel)]="itemName" maxlength="3" appNumberOnly />

Answer 15

任意 RegExp 指令

这是使用任意正则表达式并阻止用户键入无效值的小指令

import {Directive, HostListener, Input} from '@angular/core';

@Directive({selector: '[allowedRegExp]'})
export class AllowedRegExpDirective {
    
  @Input() allowedRegExp: string;
  
  @HostListener('keydown', ['$event']) onKeyDown(event: any) {
    // case: selected text (by mouse) - replace it
    let s= event.target.selectionStart;
    let e= event.target.selectionEnd;
    let k= event.target.value + event.key;
        
    if(s!=e) {
      k= event.target.value
      k= k.slice(0,s) + event.key + k.slice(e,k.length);
    }

    // case: special characters (ignore)
    if(['ArrowLeft','ArrowRight','ArrowUp','ArroDown','Backspace','Tab','Alt'
       'Shift','Control','Enter','Delete','Meta'].includes(event.key)) return;

    // case: normal situation - chceck regexp
    let re = new RegExp(this.allowedRegExp);
        
    if(!re.test(k)) event.preventDefault();
  }
}

只屏蔽数字使用

<input [allowedRegExp]="'^[0-9]*$'" type="text" ... >