链接Boost线程库

Question

我正在尝试将 Boost 的线程库包含在我的 C++ 项目中。我的 CMake 文件是这样的：

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)
project(LearningC)

find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp Student.cpp Student.h)

add_executable(LearningC ${SOURCE_FILES})

target_link_libraries(LearningC ${Boost_LIBRARIES})

我收到错误：

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "boost::this_thread::interruption_point()", referenced from:
      boost::condition_variable::wait(boost::unique_lock<boost::mutex>&) in main.cpp.o
   [More stack traces...]

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

好的，我看到您已经找到了解决方案，但我想提出一些改进（只要您需要 CMake 3.6）：

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• 使用导入的目标来管理每个目标的编译器/链接器选项，而不是“全局”变量和函数（例如include_directories()，...）
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• 使用 的完整签名project()来定义一堆PROJECT_xxx变量，然后使用它们
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• 提供您使用的明确语言列表，以避免默认和可能的冗余检查
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• 对于 Boost，您不需要查找并链接隐式依赖项——FindBoost.cmake它会为您完成。只需指定您真正需要和使用的组件即可。
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这是修改后的CMakeLists.txt：

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cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)\nproject(LearningCxx VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX)\n\nset(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)\nset(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON)\n\nfind_package(Boost COMPONENTS thread REQUIRED)\n\nadd_executable(\n    ${PROJECT_NAME}\n    main.cpp\n    Student.cpp\n  )\n\ntarget_link_libraries(\n    ${PROJECT_NAME}\n    Boost::thread\n  )\n

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更新：我已经为此项目做了一个示例，但删除Students.cpp并替换main.cpp为以下代码：

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#include <boost/thread.hpp>\n#include <iostream>\n\nint main()\n{\n    std::cout << boost::thread::hardware_concurrency() << std::endl;\n}\n

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这是我的测试运行：

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zaufi@gentop\xe2\x8c\xaa\xe2\x80\xa6/tests/boost-thread-cmake/build\xe2\x8c\xaaempty dir\xe2\x8c\xaacmake ..\n-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 5.4.0\n-- Check for working CXX compiler: /usr/lib/outproc/bin/c++ -- works\n-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done\n-- Detecting CXX compile features - done\n-- Looking for C++ include pthread.h - found\n-- Looking for pthread_create - not found\n-- Looking for pthread_create in pthreads - not found\n-- Looking for pthread_create in pthread - found\n-- Found Threads: TRUE\n-- Boost version: 1.62.0\n-- Found the following Boost libraries:\n--   thread\n--   chrono\n--   system\n--   date_time\n--   atomic\n-- Configuring done\n-- Generating done\n-- Build files have been written to: /work/tests/boost-thread-cmake/build\nzaufi@gentop\xe2\x8c\xaa\xe2\x80\xa6/tests/boost-thread-cmake/build\xe2\x8c\xaadefault\xe2\x8c\xaapfx: /usr/local\xe2\x8c\xaamake\nScanning dependencies of target LearningCxx\n[ 50%] Building CXX object CMakeFiles/LearningCxx.dir/main.cpp.o\n[100%] Linking CXX executable LearningCxx\n[100%] Built target LearningCxx\nzaufi@gentop\xe2\x8c\xaa\xe2\x80\xa6/tests/boost-thread-cmake/build\xe2\x8c\xaadefault\xe2\x8c\xaapfx: /usr/local\xe2\x8c\xaaldd ./LearningCxx\n        linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fff73b75000)\n        libboost_thread.so.1.62.0 => /usr/lib64/libboost_thread.so.1.62.0 (0x00007fd1adafd000)\n        libboost_chrono.so.1.62.0 => /usr/lib64/libboost_chrono.so.1.62.0 (0x00007fd1ad8f6000)\n        libboost_system.so.1.62.0 => /usr/lib64/libboost_system.so.1.62.0 (0x00007fd1ad6f2000)\n        libboost_date_time.so.1.62.0 => /usr/lib64/libboost_date_time.so.1.62.0 (0x00007fd1ad4e1000)\n        libboost_atomic.so.1.62.0 => /usr/lib64/libboost_atomic.so.1.62.0 (0x00007fd1ad2df000)\n        libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fd1ad0c3000)\n        libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/6.3.0/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007fd1accc8000)\n        libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007fd1ac9cd000)\n        libgcc_s.so.1 => /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/6.3.0/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007fd1ac7b6000)\n        libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fd1ac41d000)\n        librt.so.1 => /lib64/librt.so.1 (0x00007fd1ac215000)\n        /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fd1add25000)\nzaufi@gentop\xe2\x8c\xaa\xe2\x80\xa6/tests/boost-thread-cmake/build\xe2\x8c\xaadefault\xe2\x8c\xaapfx: /usr/local\xe2\x8c\xaacmake --version\ncmake version 3.7.1\n

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Answer 2

我找到了解决方案。基本上，Boost 的大部分代码都在 C++ 头文件 (.hpp) 中。然而，一些库需要编译和链接......下面的代码有效！

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.6)
project(LearningC)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)

set(SOURCE_FILES main.cpp Student.cpp Student.h)

add_executable(LearningC ${SOURCE_FILES})

find_package(Boost COMPONENTS thread system REQUIRED)

include_directories(${Boost_INCLUDE_DIR})
target_link_libraries(LearningC ${Boost_LIBRARIES})