为图像创建一个特殊的视觉选择工具

Question

为图像创建一个特殊的视觉选择工具

bma*_*man 5 delphi winapi gdi window-management

我想创建一种特殊类型的选择，其中图像变暗，并且在用户选择的部分中显示真实图像。你可以看一个例子：

我发现了两种实现此目的的方法：

实现显示变暗图像的控件。当用户将椭圆拖动到此控件上时，椭圆会将真实图像（未变暗的图像）复制到控件画布中。在这种情况下，当他/她尝试将椭圆调整为较小尺寸时，首先椭圆的整个矩形区域变暗，然后在新的较小椭圆中绘制真实图像。
与方法 1 相同，但我们不是在控件的画布上绘图，而是创建一个显示真实图像的新控件。在这种情况下，所有发送到新控件的消息都应该传递到父控件。因为如果用户尝试将椭圆调整为较小的尺寸，WM_MOVE 消息将发送到该控件，而不是父控件。

请有人告诉我实施此操作的正确方向。我认为方法 1 很难实现，因为它会导致很多闪烁。除非我实现一种仅通过 InvalidateRect 函数重新绘制更改部分的方法。

这是我迄今为止实现的 TScreenEmul 类的代码。它可以工作，但有闪烁。

unit ScreenEmul;

interface

uses Classes, Types, Windows, Messages, Graphics, Controls, SysUtils, Dialogs, ExtCtrls;

const
   PixelCountMax = 32768;

type
  PRGBTripleArray = ^TRGBTripleArray;
  TRGBTripleArray = array[0..PixelCountMax-1] of TRGBTriple;
  TScreenEmul = class(TCustomControl)
  private
    LastRect, DrawRect: TRect;
    DrawStart: TPoint;
    MouseDown: Boolean;

    Backup, Darken: TBitmap;
    FBitmap: TBitmap;

    procedure BitmapChange(Sender: TObject);

    procedure WMLButtonDown(var Message: TWMLButtonDown); message WM_LBUTTONDOWN;
    procedure WMMouseMove(var Message: TWMMouseMove); message WM_MOUSEMOVE;
    procedure WMLButtonUp(var Message: TWMLButtonUp); message WM_LBUTTONUP;
    procedure WMEraseBkgnd(var Message: TWMEraseBkgnd ); message WM_ERASEBKGND;
    procedure WMPaint(var Message: TWMPaint); message WM_PAINT;

    procedure DarkenBitmap(B: TBitmap);
    procedure RestoreImage;

    procedure CalculateDrawRect(X, Y: Integer);
    procedure SetBitmap(const Value: TBitmap);
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;
    destructor Destroy; override;
    property Bitmap: TBitmap read FBitmap write SetBitmap;
  end;

implementation

{ TScreenEmul }

function  AlphaBlend(Color1, Color2: TRGBTriple; Alpha: Byte): TRGBTriple; overload;
var
  rPrimary : Real; // Primary (Color1) Intensity
  rSecondary: Real;// Secondary (Color2) Intensity
begin
  rPrimary:=((Alpha+1)/$100);
  rSecondary:=(($100-Alpha)/$100);

  with Result do
  begin
    rgbtBlue := Trunc(Color1.rgbtBlue * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtBlue * rSecondary);
    rgbtGreen := Trunc(Color1.rgbtGreen * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtGreen * rSecondary);
    rgbtRed := Trunc(Color1.rgbtRed * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtRed * rSecondary);
  end;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.BitmapChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FreeAndNil(Backup);
  Backup := TBitmap.Create;
  Backup.Assign(FBitmap);

  DarkenBitmap(FBitmap);

  Darken := TBitmap.Create;
  Darken.Assign(FBitmap);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.CalculateDrawRect(X, Y: Integer);
begin
  if X >= DrawStart.X then
  begin
    if DrawRect.Left <> DrawStart.X then DrawRect.Left := DrawStart.X;
    DrawRect.Right := X
  end
  else
  begin
    if DrawRect.Right <> DrawStart.X then DrawRect.Right := DrawStart.X;
    DrawRect.Left := X;
  end;
  if Y >= DrawStart.Y then
  begin
    if DrawRect.Top <> DrawStart.Y then DrawRect.Top := DrawStart.Y;
    DrawRect.Bottom := Y;
  end
  else
  begin
    if DrawRect.Bottom <> DrawStart.Y then DrawRect.Bottom := DrawStart.Y;
    DrawRect.Top := Y;
  end;
end;

constructor TScreenEmul.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited;
  MouseDown := False;
  FBitmap := TBitmap.Create;
  FBitmap.OnChange := BitmapChange;

  DoubleBuffered := True;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.DarkenBitmap(B: TBitmap);
var
  I, J: Integer;
  Row: PRGBTripleArray;
  rgbBlack: tagRGBTRIPLE;
begin
  rgbBlack.rgbtBlue := 0; rgbBlack.rgbtGreen := 0; rgbBlack.rgbtRed := 0;

  for I := 0 to B.Height - 1 do
  begin
    Row := B.ScanLine[I];

    for J := 0 to B.Width - 1 do
      Row[J] := AlphaBlend(Row[J], rgbBlack, 150);
  end;
end;

destructor TScreenEmul.Destroy;
begin
  FBitmap.Free;
  inherited;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.RestoreImage;
begin
  BitBlt(FBitmap.Canvas.Handle,
    LastRect.Left, LastRect.Top, RectWidth(LastRect), RectHeight(LastRect),
    Darken.Canvas.Handle, LastRect.Left, LastRect.Top, SRCCOPY);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.SetBitmap(const Value: TBitmap);
begin
  FBitmap := Value;
  FBitmap.OnChange := BitmapChange;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMEraseBkgnd(var Message: TWMEraseBkgnd);
begin
  Message.Result := LResult(False);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMLButtonDown(var Message: TWMLButtonDown);
begin
  MouseDown := True;

  with DrawRect do
  begin
    Left := Message.XPos;
    Top := Message.YPos;
    Right := Left;
    Bottom := Top;
  end;

  DrawStart.X := DrawRect.Top;
  DrawStart.Y := DrawRect.Left;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMLButtonUp(var Message: TWMLButtonUp);
begin
  MouseDown := False;
  RestoreImage;
  InvalidateRect(Self.Handle, DrawRect, False);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMMouseMove(var Message: TWMMouseMove);
begin
  if not MouseDown then Exit;
  CalculateDrawRect(Message.XPos, Message.YPos);

  RestoreImage;

  BitBlt(
    FBitmap.Canvas.Handle,
    DrawRect.Left, DrawRect.Top, RectWidth(DrawRect), RectHeight(DrawRect),
    Backup.Canvas.Handle,
    DrawRect.Left, DrawRect.Top,
    SRCCOPY);

  InvalidateRect(Self.Handle, DrawRect, False);

  LastRect := DrawRect;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMPaint(var Message: TWMPaint);
var
  B: TBitmap;
  Rct: TRect;
  X, Y: Integer;
  FullRepaint: Boolean;
begin
  inherited;

  FullRepaint := GetUpdateRect(Self.Handle, Rct, False);
  if not FullRepaint then
  begin
    Canvas.Draw(0, 0, FBitmap);
  end
  else
  begin
    B := TBitmap.Create;
    B.SetSize(RectWidth(Rct), RectHeight(Rct));
    FBitmap.Canvas.CopyRect(Rect(0, 0, B.Width, B.Height), B.Canvas, Rct);

    Canvas.Draw(0, 0, B);
    FreeAndNil(B);
  end;
end;

end.

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对于使用此类：

var
  ScreenEmul: TScreenEmul;
begin
  ScreenEmul := TScreenEmul.Create(Self);
  ScreenEmul.Parent := Self;
  ScreenEmul.Align := alClient;
  ScreenEmul.Bitmap.LoadFromFile('C:\img13.bmp');

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Answer 1

bma*_*man 5

我解决了这个问题。我回答这个问题供记录：

1- WMEraseBkgnd 应返回 True 以防止绘制背景。我错误地返回了False。

2-我继承了WMPaint方法，这是不正确的。我还将更新的矩形复制到新的位图中，然后将位图绘制到画布中，这会减慢绘制过程。这是完整的固定源代码：

unit ScreenEmul;

interface

uses Classes, Types, Windows, Messages, Graphics, Controls, SysUtils, Dialogs, ExtCtrls;

const
   PixelCountMax = 32768;

type
  PRGBTripleArray = ^TRGBTripleArray;
  TRGBTripleArray = array[0..PixelCountMax-1] of TRGBTriple;
  TScreenEmul = class(TCustomControl)
  private
    LastRect, DrawRect: TRect;
    DrawStart: TPoint;
    MouseDown: Boolean;

    Backup, Darken: TBitmap;
    FBitmap: TBitmap;

    procedure BitmapChange(Sender: TObject);

    procedure WMLButtonDown(var Message: TWMLButtonDown); message WM_LBUTTONDOWN;
    procedure WMMouseMove(var Message: TWMMouseMove); message WM_MOUSEMOVE;
    procedure WMLButtonUp(var Message: TWMLButtonUp); message WM_LBUTTONUP;
    procedure WMEraseBkgnd(var Message: TWMEraseBkgnd); message WM_ERASEBKGND;
    procedure WMPaint(var Message: TWMPaint); message WM_PAINT;

    procedure DarkenBitmap(B: TBitmap);
    procedure RestoreImage;

    procedure CalculateDrawRect(X, Y: Integer);
    procedure SetBitmap(const Value: TBitmap);
  public
    constructor Create(AOwner: TComponent); override;
    destructor Destroy; override;
    property Bitmap: TBitmap read FBitmap write SetBitmap;
  end;

implementation

{ TScreenEmul }

function  AlphaBlend(Color1, Color2: TRGBTriple; Alpha: Byte): TRGBTriple; overload;
var
  rPrimary : Real; // Primary (Color1) Intensity
  rSecondary: Real;// Secondary (Color2) Intensity
begin
  rPrimary:=((Alpha+1)/$100);
  rSecondary:=(($100-Alpha)/$100);

  with Result do
  begin
    rgbtBlue := Trunc(Color1.rgbtBlue * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtBlue * rSecondary);
    rgbtGreen := Trunc(Color1.rgbtGreen * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtGreen * rSecondary);
    rgbtRed := Trunc(Color1.rgbtRed * rPrimary + Color2.rgbtRed * rSecondary);
  end;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.BitmapChange(Sender: TObject);
begin
  FreeAndNil(Backup);
  Backup := TBitmap.Create;
  Backup.Assign(FBitmap);

  DarkenBitmap(FBitmap);

  Darken := TBitmap.Create;
  Darken.Assign(FBitmap);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.CalculateDrawRect(X, Y: Integer);
begin
  if X >= DrawStart.X then
  begin
    if DrawRect.Left <> DrawStart.X then DrawRect.Left := DrawStart.X;
    DrawRect.Right := X
  end
  else
  begin
    if DrawRect.Right <> DrawStart.X then DrawRect.Right := DrawStart.X;
    DrawRect.Left := X;
  end;
  if Y >= DrawStart.Y then
  begin
    if DrawRect.Top <> DrawStart.Y then DrawRect.Top := DrawStart.Y;
    DrawRect.Bottom := Y;
  end
  else
  begin
    if DrawRect.Bottom <> DrawStart.Y then DrawRect.Bottom := DrawStart.Y;
    DrawRect.Top := Y;
  end;
end;

constructor TScreenEmul.Create(AOwner: TComponent);
begin
  inherited;
  MouseDown := False;
  FBitmap := TBitmap.Create;
  FBitmap.OnChange := BitmapChange;

  DoubleBuffered := True;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.DarkenBitmap(B: TBitmap);
var
  I, J: Integer;
  Row: PRGBTripleArray;
  rgbBlack: tagRGBTRIPLE;
begin
  rgbBlack.rgbtBlue := 0; rgbBlack.rgbtGreen := 0; rgbBlack.rgbtRed := 0;

  for I := 0 to B.Height - 1 do
  begin
    Row := B.ScanLine[I];

    for J := 0 to B.Width - 1 do
      Row[J] := AlphaBlend(Row[J], rgbBlack, 150);
  end;
end;

destructor TScreenEmul.Destroy;
begin
  FBitmap.Free;
  inherited;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.RestoreImage;
begin
  BitBlt(FBitmap.Canvas.Handle,
    LastRect.Left, LastRect.Top, RectWidth(LastRect), RectHeight(LastRect),
    Darken.Canvas.Handle, LastRect.Left, LastRect.Top, SRCCOPY);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.SetBitmap(const Value: TBitmap);
begin
  FBitmap := Value;
  FBitmap.OnChange := BitmapChange;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMEraseBkgnd(var Message: TWMEraseBkgnd);
begin
  Message.Result := LResult(True);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMLButtonDown(var Message: TWMLButtonDown);
begin
  MouseDown := True;

  with DrawRect do
  begin
    Left := Message.XPos;
    Top := Message.YPos;
    Right := Left;
    Bottom := Top;
  end;

  DrawStart.X := DrawRect.Top;
  DrawStart.Y := DrawRect.Left;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMLButtonUp(var Message: TWMLButtonUp);
begin
  MouseDown := False;
  RestoreImage;
  InvalidateRect(Self.Handle, DrawRect, False);
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMMouseMove(var Message: TWMMouseMove);
begin
  if not MouseDown then Exit;
  CalculateDrawRect(Message.XPos, Message.YPos);

  RestoreImage;

  BitBlt(
    FBitmap.Canvas.Handle,
    DrawRect.Left, DrawRect.Top, RectWidth(DrawRect), RectHeight(DrawRect),
    Backup.Canvas.Handle,
    DrawRect.Left, DrawRect.Top,
    SRCCOPY);

  InvalidateRect(Self.Handle, DrawRect, False);

  LastRect := DrawRect;
end;

procedure TScreenEmul.WMPaint(var Message: TWMPaint);
var
  Rct: TRect;
  FullRepaint: Boolean;
begin
  FullRepaint := GetUpdateRect(Self.Handle, Rct, False);
  if not FullRepaint then
    Canvas.Draw(0, 0, FBitmap)
  else
    BitBlt(Canvas.Handle, Rct.Left, Rct.Top, RectWidth(Rct), RectHeight(Rct), FBitmap.Canvas.Handle, Rct.Left, Rct.Top, SRCCOPY);
end;

end.

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