RSpec、Rails 的未定义方法“belong_to”

Question

运行 rspec 测试时出现如下错误。

Failure/Error: it { should belong_to :user }

     NoMethodError:
       undefined method `belong_to' for #<RSpec::ExampleGroups::UserEventFavorite:0x007fd0fa9c66c0>

我已经确定belongs_to 特定于Shoulda Matcher。不过，我应该有正确安装早该匹配器为可以从看到spec_helper.rb和rails_helper.rb下面。有人可以告诉我我在这里缺少什么吗？

spec_helper.rb

ENV["RAILS_ENV"] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'shoulda/matchers'

RSpec.configure do |config|
  config.expect_with :rspec do |expectations|
    expectations.include_chain_clauses_in_custom_matcher_descriptions = true
  end
  config.mock_with :rspec do |mocks|
    mocks.verify_partial_doubles = true
  end
  config.shared_context_metadata_behavior = :apply_to_host_groups
  config.include RSpec::RequestDescriber, type: :request
  config.before :all do
    FactoryGirl.factories.clear
    FactoryGirl.reload
  end
  config.before :suite do
    DatabaseRewinder.clean_all
  end
  config.after :each do
    DatabaseRewinder.clean
  end
  Autodoc.configuration.toc = true
end

rails_helper.rb

RSpec.configure do |config|
  config.include RSpec::RequestDescriber, type: :request
  # config.include RequestHelpers, type: :request
  # config.include RequestMacros, type: :request

  config.before :all do
    FactoryGirl.factories.clear
    FactoryGirl.find_definitions
    FactoryGirl.reload
  end

  config.before :suite do
    DatabaseRewinder.clean_all
  end

  config.after :each do
    DatabaseRewinder.clean
  end

  Shoulda::Matchers.configure do |config|
    config.integrate do |with|
      with.test_framework :rspec
      with.library :rails
    end
  end
end

这是规范代码：

require 'spec_helper'
require 'rails_helper'
describe UserEventFavorite do
  let(:user_event_favorite) { FactoryGirl.build :user_event_favorite }
  subject { user_event_favorite }

  it { should respond_to :user_id }
  it { should respond_to :event_id }

  it { should belong_to :user }
  it { should belong_to :event }
end

Answer 1

我解决了这个问题。

我需要添加type: :model我的规范代码。工作解决方案是：

describe UserEventFavorite, type: :model do
  let(:user_event_favorite) { FactoryGirl.build :user_event_favorite }
  subject { user_event_favorite }

  it { should respond_to :user_id }
  it { should respond_to :event_id }

  it { should belong_to :user }
  it { should belong_to :event }
end

代替

describe UserEventFavorite do
  let(:user_event_favorite) { FactoryGirl.build :user_event_favorite }
  subject { user_event_favorite }

  it { should respond_to :user_id }
  it { should respond_to :event_id }

  it { should belong_to :user }
  it { should belong_to :event }
end