自引用unordered_map会导致gcc 5.3出现问题,但不会导致clang问题

lil*_*njn 5 c++ gcc libstdc++ clang++ libc++

以下代码无法在gcc 5.3编译(它是从更大的代码片段中获取的简化版本):

#include <unordered_map>
#include <string>

class Foo {
    std::unordered_map<std::string, Foo> m;  //"self-referential"
};

int main()
{
    Foo f;
    return 0;
}
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出现以下错误:

g++ --std=c++1y  -c rh.cpp

In file included from /usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/utility:70:0,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/unordered_map:38,
                 from rh.cpp:1:
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_pair.h: In instantiation of ‘struct std::pair<const int, Foo>’:
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/ext/aligned_buffer.h:85:34:   required from ‘struct __gnu_cxx::__aligned_buffer<std::pair<const int, Foo> >’
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/hashtable_policy.h:246:43:   required from ‘struct std::__detail::_Hash_node_value_base<std::pair<const int, Foo> >’
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/hashtable_policy.h:292:12:   required from ‘struct std::__detail::_Hash_node<std::pair<const int, Foo>, false>’
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/hashtable_policy.h:1896:60:   required from ‘struct std::__detail::_Hashtable_alloc<std::allocator<std::__detail::_Hash_node<std::pair<const int, Foo>, false> > >’
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/hashtable.h:170:11:   required from ‘class std::_Hashtable<int, std::pair<const int, Foo>, std::allocator<std::pair<const int, Foo> >, std::__detail::_Select1st, std::equal_to<int>, std::hash<int>, std::__detail::_Mod_range_hashing, std::__detail::_Default_ranged_hash, std::__detail::_Prime_rehash_policy, std::__detail::_Hashtable_traits<false, false, true> >’
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/unordered_map.h:101:18:   required from ‘class std::unordered_map<int, Foo>’
rh.cpp:4:32:   required from here
/usr/local/include/c++/5.3.0/bits/stl_pair.h:102:11: error: ‘std::pair<_T1, _T2>::second’ has incomplete type
       _T2 second;                /// @c second is a copy of the second object
           ^
rh.cpp:3:7: note: forward declaration of ‘class Foo’
 class Foo {
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使用clang的代码没有问题(我在Linux上测试了3.8,在OSX上测试了3.9):

clang++ --std=c++1y --stdlib=libc++ -c rh.cpp

在linux上,使用clang + libstdc ++也会失败.

这个问题似乎归结为的libstdc ++使用__gnu_cxx::__aligned_buffer在其哈希表的实现,需要一个完整的类型.

当使用std :: map时,两个标准库都可以正常工作,但这不是我能接受的解决方案.也没有让地图的值类型成为指向Foo的指针.

我可以使用gcc/libstdc ++进行其他任何更改吗?

谢谢!

Edg*_*jān 0

我建议您按以下方式修改Foo类:

class Foo {
public:
    Foo();
private:
    using MapType = std::unordered_map<std::string, Foo>;
    std::shared_ptr<MapType> m_ptr;
};

// Here Foo is already defined.
Foo::Foo() {
    m_ptr = std::make_shared<MapType>();
}
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此代码可以在clang 3.9gcc 6.2中正常编译。