返回名称的大写首字母的函数

Question

我创建了一个Python函数,它接受一个参数,fullname,获取fullname的首字母并将它们打印出来.但是我的代码存在问题 - 它只适用于两个名称.如果全名有一个中间名,即Daniel Day Lewis,则会中断.

这是我尝试过的:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]
    second = name_list[1][0]

    return(first.upper() + second.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer) 

显然,这种尝试只包括两个变量,一个用于第一个名称,另一个用于第二个名称.如果我添加第三个变量,如下所示:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]
    second = name_list[1][0]
    third = name_list[2][0]
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer) 

我明白了:

IndexError: list index out of range on line 10

(这是线)

third = name_list[2][0]

当然,如果我将fullname更改为"Ozzie Smith Jr",此功能确实有效.但是无论fullname中是否有1,2,3或4个名称,我的函数都必须工作.我需要说:

def get_initials(fullname):
    xs = (fullname)
    name_list = xs.split()

    print(name_list)

#Given a person's name, return the person's initials (uppercase)

    first = name_list[0][0]

    #if fullname has a second name: 
    second = name_list[1][0]

    #if fullname has a third name: 
    third = name_list[2][0]

    #if fullname has one name:
    return(first.upper())

    #if fullname has two names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper())

    #if fullname has three names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper())

    #if fullname has three names:
    return(first.upper() + second.upper() + third.upper + fourth.upper())

answer = get_initials("Ozzie Smith")
print("The initials of 'Ozzie Smith' are", answer)

如何在Python中说"如果fullname具有第二个名称或第三个名称或第四个名称,则返回大写首字母"？还是我走在正确的轨道上？谢谢.

Answer 1

您可以使用列表理解:

s = ''.join([x[0].upper() for x in fullname.split(' ')])

编辑:应该可以解释更多列表推导允许您在迭代时构建列表.首先,我们通过将fullname与空格分开来构建列表fullname.split(' ').当我们得到这些值时,我们取第一个字母x[0]并大写它.upper().最后,我们将列表加入到没有空格的列表中''.join(...).

这是一个非常好的一个班轮,非常快,并会在你继续使用python时以各种形式弹出.

Answer 2

怎么样：

def get_initials(fullname):
  xs = (fullname)
  name_list = xs.split()

  initials = ""

  for name in name_list:  # go through each name
    initials += name[0].upper()  # append the initial

  return initials