更新:semicomplex动画+摇摆计时器= trainwreck.问题的最终根源是java计时器,无论是swing还是实用程序版本.它们不可靠,特别是在跨操作系统比较性能时.通过实施普通的线程,程序在所有系统上运行都非常顺利.http://zetcode.com/tutorials/javagamestutorial/animation/.此外,将Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().sync()添加到paintComponent()方法中会有显着的帮助.
我写了一些代码,在awt.Applet中平滑地动画(但是闪烁),然后我将它重构为java swing.现在它没有闪烁,但它看起来波涛汹涌.我搞砸了计时器,但这不起作用.任何有关平滑动画摆动组件的提示或建议都将非常感激.
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.awt.event.;
import java.awt.;
import javax.swing.*;
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public class Ball extends JApplet{
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setTitle("And so the ball rolls");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
initContainer(frame);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public static void initContainer(Container container){
GraphicsPanel graphicsPanel = new GraphicsPanel();
MainPanel mainPanel = new MainPanel(graphicsPanel);
container.add(mainPanel);
graphicsPanel.startTimer();
}
@Override
public void init(){
initContainer(this);
}
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} ///////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////// //////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////类MainPanel扩展JPanel {JLabel label =新的JLabel("粒子"); GraphicsPanel gPanel;
public MainPanel(GraphicsPanel gPanel){
this.gPanel = gPanel;
add(gPanel);
add(label);
}
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} ///////////////////////////////////////////////// ////////////////////// //////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////类GraphicsPanel扩展JPanel实现MouseListener {
private ArrayList<Particle> ballArr = new ArrayList<Particle>();
private String state="s"; //"s"=spiral, "p"=particle
private int speed=10; //~20 Hz
private Timer timer;
public GraphicsPanel(){
System.out.println("echo from gpanel");
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,500));
timer = new Timer(speed, new TimerListener());
addMouseListener(this);
}
public void startTimer(){
timer.start();
}
@Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
super.paintComponent(g);
for (Particle b: ballArr){
g.setColor(b.getColor());
g.fillOval(b.getXCoor(),b.getYCoor(),
b.getTheSize(),b.getTheSize());
}
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
ballArr.add(new Particle(e.getX(), e.getY(), state));
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e){}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e){}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {}
class TimerListener implements ActionListener {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){
for (Particle b: ballArr)
b.move();
setBackground(Color.WHITE);
repaint();
}
}
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}
////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////// ////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////类{private static int instanceCount; {{instanceCount ++;}} private int z = 11,t = 1,u = 1; private int [] RGB = new int [3]; private int [] randomizeColor = new int [3]; 私人双半径,theta; private int x,y,centerX,centerY,size,spiralDirection = 1,ballSizeLowerBound,ballSizeUpperBound,radiusLowerBound,radiusUpperBound,mouseInputX,mouseInputY,radiusXMultiplier,radiusYMultiplier; 私人色彩; 私有字符串状态; private Random random = new Random(); ////////////////////////////////////////////////// ///////////////////////// public Particle(int x,int y,int centerX,int centerY,int radius,int theta,int size,Color color){this.x = x; this.y = y; this.centerX = centerX; this.centerY = centerY; this.radius =半径; this.theta =峰; this.size =大小; this.color =颜色; }
public Particle(int mouseInputX, int mouseInputY, String state){
this.mouseInputX=mouseInputX;
this.mouseInputY=mouseInputY;
this.state=state;
//randomize color
RGB[0] = random.nextInt(252);
RGB[1] = random.nextInt(252);
RGB[2] = random.nextInt(252);
randomizeColor[0] = 1+random.nextInt(3);
randomizeColor[0] = 1+random.nextInt(3);
randomizeColor[0] = 1+random.nextInt(3);
centerX=mouseInputX;
centerY=mouseInputY;
if (state.equals("s")){ //setup spiral state
ballSizeLowerBound=5;
ballSizeUpperBound=18;
radiusLowerBound=0;
radiusUpperBound=50;
radiusXMultiplier=1;
radiusYMultiplier=1;
}
if (state.equals("p")){ //setup particle state
ballSizeLowerBound = 15;
ballSizeUpperBound =20 + random.nextInt(15);
radiusLowerBound = 5;
radiusUpperBound = 15+ random.nextInt(34);
radiusXMultiplier=1 + random.nextInt(3);
radiusYMultiplier=1 + random.nextInt(3);
}
size = ballSizeUpperBound-1; //ball size
radius = radiusUpperBound-1;
if (instanceCount %2 == 0) // alternate spiral direction
spiralDirection=-spiralDirection;
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
public int getXCoor(){return centerX+x*spiralDirection;}
public int getYCoor(){return centerY+y;}
public int getTheSize(){return size;}
public Color getColor(){return color;}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void move(){
//spiral: dr/dt changes at bounds
if (radius > radiusUpperBound || radius < radiusLowerBound)
u = -u;
//spiral shape formula: parametric equation for the
//polar equation radius = theta
x = (int) (radius * radiusXMultiplier * Math.cos(theta));
y = (int) (radius * radiusYMultiplier * Math.sin(theta));
radius += .1*u;
theta += .1;
//ball size formula
if (size == ballSizeUpperBound || size == ballSizeLowerBound)
t = -t;
size += t;
//ball colors change
for (int i = 0; i < RGB.length; i++)
if (RGB[i] >= 250 || RGB[i] <= 4)
randomizeColor[i] = -randomizeColor[i];
RGB[0]+= randomizeColor[0];
RGB[1]+= randomizeColor[1];
RGB[2]+= randomizeColor[2];
color = new Color(RGB[0],RGB[1],RGB[2]);
}
}
不要设置恒定的间隔计时器。在处理程序中将计时器设置为关闭一次
应该更顺畅。如果您想成为真正的专业人士（并留在 Java 中），我认为您必须考虑 JavaFX。