PHP/MySQL有编码问题

Question

我在编写PHP时遇到麻烦.

我有一个JavaScript/jQuery HTML5页面使用$ .post与我的PHP脚本交互.但是,PHP面临着一个奇怪的问题,可能与编码有关.

当我写作

htmlentities("í")

我希望PHP输出í.然而,相反它输出í 在开始时,我认为我在编码时犯了一些错误

htmlentities("í")=="í"?"Good":"Fail";

正在输出"失败",其中

htmlentities("í")=="í"?"Good":"Fail";

但htmlentities($search, null, "utf-8")按预期工作.

我想让PHP与MySQL服务器通信,但它也有编码问题,即使我使用utf8_encode.我该怎么办？

编辑:在SQL命令,写

SELECT id,uid,type,value FROM users,profile
WHERE uid=id AND type='name' AND value='XXX';

其中XXX不包含任何字符,按预期工作,但如果有任何'í'字符则不然.

SET NAMES 'utf8';
SET CHARACTER SET 'utf8';
SELECT id,uid,type,value FROM users,profile
WHERE uid=id AND type='name' AND value='XXX';

不仅没有íchars,但它也没有任何"特殊"字符的字符串失败.从SET NAMES和SET CHARACTER SET中删除'字符似乎没有任何改变.

我使用PDO连接到MySQL数据库.

编辑2:我正在使用XAMPP for Linux的MySQL版本5.1.30.

编辑3:SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%character%'从PhpMyAdmin输出运行

character_set_client    utf8
character_set_connection    utf8
character_set_database  latin1
character_set_filesystem    binary
character_set_results   utf8
character_set_server    latin1
character_set_system    utf8
character_sets_dir  /opt/lampp/share/mysql/charsets/

从我的PHP脚本(带有print_r)运行相同的查询输出:

Array
(
    [0] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_client
            [0] => character_set_client
            [Value] => latin1
            [1] => latin1
        )

    [1] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_connection
            [0] => character_set_connection
            [Value] => latin1
            [1] => latin1
        )

    [2] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_database
            [0] => character_set_database
            [Value] => latin1
            [1] => latin1
        )

    [3] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_filesystem
            [0] => character_set_filesystem
            [Value] => binary
            [1] => binary
        )

    [4] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_results
            [0] => character_set_results
            [Value] => latin1
            [1] => latin1
        )

    [5] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_server
            [0] => character_set_server
            [Value] => latin1
            [1] => latin1
        )

    [6] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_set_system
            [0] => character_set_system
            [Value] => utf8
            [1] => utf8
        )

    [7] => Array
        (
            [Variable_name] => character_sets_dir
            [0] => character_sets_dir
            [Value] => /opt/lampp/share/mysql/charsets/
            [1] => /opt/lampp/share/mysql/charsets/
        )

)

运行

SET NAMES 'utf8';
SET CHARACTER SET 'utf8';
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%character%'

输出一个空数组.

Answer 1

指定htmlentities的编码以匹配输入的编码非常重要,正如您在最后一个示例中所做的那样,但在前三个中省略了.

htmlentities($text,ENT_COMPAT,'utf-8');

关于与MySQL的通信,您需要确保连接排序规则和字符集与您正在传输的数据匹配.您可以在配置文件中设置它,也可以在运行时使用以下查询设置:

SET NAMES utf8;
SET CHARACTER SET utf8;

确保表,数据库和服务器字符集也匹配.有一个设置在运行时无法更改,这是服务器的字符集.您需要在配置文件中修改它:

[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
default-character-set = utf8 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

阅读手册中有关MySQL 中字符集和排序规则的更多信息.

Answer 2

后期复兴.但为了进一步参考,这里有一些额外的提示:

1. 使用mysql_set_charset而不是SET xxx
2. 确保使用UTF-8编码保存文件(这经常被忽略)

3. 设置标题:
   <?php header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8"); ?>

   <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

4. 如果您的Apache服务器配置包含具有不同编码的AddDefaultCharset指令,请向主机管理员大喊大叫.