Python SSLError，sslv3 警报握手失败，用于 wallhaven.cc

Question

Python 版本：3.5.2

操作系统：OS X 10.12

OpenSSL 版本：OpenSSL 1.1.0b 2016 年 9 月 26 日

我正在尝试请求“ https://alpha.wallhaven.cc ”。

import urllib.request
init_page=urllib.request.urlopen("https://alpha.wallhaven.cc")

然后得到

ssl.SSLError: [SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)

和

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
...
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:645)>

以下解决方案不起作用：

import requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_
requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS='ALL'

import ssl
ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context

import requests
print(requests.get("https://alpha.wallhaven.cc",verify=False))

或更改 /APNSWrapper/connection.py 第 131 行：

ssl_version = self.ssl_module.PROTOCOL_SSLv3,

进入

ssl_version = self.ssl_module.PROTOCOL_TLSv1,

那么问题是什么？如何解决？非常感谢！

Answer 1

以下解决方案不起作用...
print(requests.get("https://alpha.wallhaven.cc",verify=False))

你也许应该避免那verify=False件事。

以下是从 OpenSSL 角度来看的工作原理。确保您在 Python 代码中做了三件事：

• 使用服务器名称指示（-servername如下）
• 使用 TLS 1.0 或更高版本（-tls1如下）
• 使用“AddTrust 外部 CA 根”（-CAfile如下）

您可以在 Comodo 的[Root] AddTrustexternal CA Root找到“AddTrustExternalCARoot”。它已经是 PEM 格式了。

以下来自 OpenSSL 的s_client. 它按预期完成：Verify return code: 0 (ok)。

$ openssl s_client -connect alpha.wallhaven.cc:443 -servername alpha.wallhaven.cc -tls1 -CAfile addtrustexternalcaroot.crt 
CONNECTED(00000005)
depth=3 C = SE, O = AddTrust AB, OU = AddTrust External TTP Network, CN = AddTrust External CA Root
verify return:1
depth=2 C = GB, ST = Greater Manchester, L = Salford, O = COMODO CA Limited, CN = COMODO ECC Certification Authority
verify return:1
depth=1 C = GB, ST = Greater Manchester, L = Salford, O = COMODO CA Limited, CN = COMODO ECC Domain Validation Secure Server CA 2
verify return:1
depth=0 OU = Domain Control Validated, OU = PositiveSSL Multi-Domain, CN = sni142395.cloudflaressl.com
verify return:1
Server did acknowledge servername extension.
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/OU=Domain Control Validated/OU=PositiveSSL Multi-Domain/CN=sni142395.cloudflaressl.com
   i:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO ECC Domain Validation Secure Server CA 2
 1 s:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO ECC Domain Validation Secure Server CA 2
   i:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority
 2 s:/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO ECC Certification Authority
   i:/C=SE/O=AddTrust AB/OU=AddTrust External TTP Network/CN=AddTrust External CA Root
---
Server certificate
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIHJzCCBs2gAwIBAgIRANivubFmbH0XdX2fZFAo82kwCgYIKoZIzj0EAwIwgZIx
CzAJBgNVBAYTAkdCMRswGQYDVQQIExJHcmVhdGVyIE1hbmNoZXN0ZXIxEDAOBgNV
BAcTB1NhbGZvcmQxGjAYBgNVBAoTEUNPTU9ETyBDQSBMaW1pdGVkMTgwNgYDVQQD
Ey9DT01PRE8gRUNDIERvbWFpbiBWYWxpZGF0aW9uIFNlY3VyZSBTZXJ2ZXIgQ0Eg
MjAeFw0xNjEwMTIwMDAwMDBaFw0xNzA0MTYyMzU5NTlaMGwxITAfBgNVBAsTGERv
bWFpbiBDb250cm9sIFZhbGlkYXRlZDEhMB8GA1UECxMYUG9zaXRpdmVTU0wgTXVs
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WTATBgcqhkjOPQIBBggqhkjOPQMBBwNCAASX5NtMc+UpLkSrMFfo482pkybz201a
CYinLcDPWtn3YRGXa4nt42PsnXMVjUP8kfkKs3vWc/bklx9oTNREl/Oao4IFJzCC
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l1Hj4n4NQTjpP3eg2cNhUMkBMA4GA1UdDwEB/wQEAwIHgDAMBgNVHRMBAf8EAjAA
MB0GA1UdJQQWMBQGCCsGAQUFBwMBBggrBgEFBQcDAjBPBgNVHSAESDBGMDoGCysG
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ZImuHhD05P6pxqhBzaYT5gpimwiwRaTH/gIgfONp6ajv3h7J7Yy5Y56s1MkKIrTG
90DdHE0ewI40258=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
subject=/OU=Domain Control Validated/OU=PositiveSSL Multi-Domain/CN=sni142395.cloudflaressl.com
issuer=/C=GB/ST=Greater Manchester/L=Salford/O=COMODO CA Limited/CN=COMODO ECC Domain Validation Secure Server CA 2
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 4263 bytes and written 263 bytes
Verification: OK
---
New, SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA
Server public key is 256 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1
    Cipher    : ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA
    Session-ID: B3D3918537F17225CC5CEFAC956D1CA633EBD1AC0F5FF431B27BADCEA8D768BB
    Session-ID-ctx: 
    Master-Key: 3484745B4C605ED65273BC86C58514EF8DD32B7847D7FA188093BBE9192451218E5FA4F3DF11D6CEEA648AFA6FE65CE6
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    TLS session ticket lifetime hint: 64800 (seconds)
    TLS session ticket:
    0000 - c9 ea 35 99 eb cc 0d 9b-57 14 76 91 e1 54 eb 98   ..5.....W.v..T..
    0010 - d4 39 86 bc f3 84 ea 86-16 8d 08 d2 e6 ef 0c 02   .9..............
    0020 - 07 ec cf f7 41 43 9f 7d-5a 3f 92 37 50 28 0a 53   ....AC.}Z?.7P(.S
    0030 - 70 0b 91 cf 66 1e db f5-aa 34 1a f3 59 8e bd da   p...f....4..Y...
    0040 - f5 38 e6 7d 23 9c b5 78-36 92 a9 8e 92 97 09 ec   .8.}#..x6.......
    0050 - bd 7e 39 37 58 59 d2 88-fb 1e 2e c9 02 d7 11 3b   .~97XY.........;
    0060 - 80 01 4b c3 f7 a7 4b 33-4b 2b 0d b0 3f f8 bc 3e   ..K...K3K+..?..>
    0070 - 9f 61 ff dd da 42 ee 06-dd 17 69 5c 08 c0 75 7b   .a...B....i\..u{
    0080 - ac bf 08 22 0b fe 64 b8-19 a0 04 08 07 67 3a bc   ..."..d......g:.
    0090 - 27 24 16 83 87 c3 a2 46-72 e1 fa 96 78 92 36 71   '$.....Fr...x.6q
    00a0 - 58 ab 00 eb d8 b1 b8 e2-6e e2 4e 30 f3 1a 2d 6a   X.......n.N0..-j
    00b0 - 38 7e 29 75 83 d7 45 26-e3 70 0a bf ed 51 a4 1c   8~)u..E&.p...Q..

    Start Time: 1477471636
    Timeout   : 7200 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)
    Extended master secret: no

$ openssl version
OpenSSL 1.1.0b  26 Sep 2016