如何在Spring Integration测试之间删除内存中的h2db？

Question

我在Spring Web应用程序中使用Liquibase.我有一堆实体,在用户,帐户,发票,许可证等每个实体的集成测试中都有数百个REST API测试.我的所有集成测试在按类运行时都会通过,但是当它们一起运行时很多都会失败gradle test.测试之间很可能存在数据冲突,我现在不想花时间修复清理数据.我更喜欢在每节课后放弃数据库和上下文.我想我可以@DirtiesContext在课堂上使用,所以我用它进行了测试注释.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {Application.class, SecurityConfiguration.class},
    webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@DirtiesContext
public class InvoiceResourceIntTest {

我看到在添加注释之后,Web应用程序上下文会针对每个类启动,但是当Liquibase初始化发生时,查询不会运行,因为校验和匹配.由于这是一个内存中的数据库,我期望数据库与spring上下文一起被销毁,但它没有发生.

我也设置了jpa hibernate ddl-auto,create-drop但这没有帮助.我正在考虑的下一个选项是,而不是mem将h2db写入文件,并在我的集成测试类文件的@BeforeClass中删除该文件.我更喜欢在内存中自动删除db而不是在测试中管理它,但是想在这里尝试作为最后一个选项.谢谢您的帮助.

更新:

我更新了测试如下.

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {Application.class, SecurityConfiguration.class},
    webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT,
    properties = "spring.datasource.name=AccountResource")
@DirtiesContext
public class AccountResourceIntTest {

我为每个集成测试设置了唯一的名称.我仍然没有看到数据库是新的,因为我只能在日志中看到Liquibase校验和.

这是app.yml的app配置

spring:
    datasource:
        driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
        url: jdbc:h2:mem:myApp;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1
        name:
        username:
        password:
    jpa:
        database-platform: com.neustar.registry.le.domain.util.FixedH2Dialect
        database: H2
        open-in-view: false
        show_sql: true
        hibernate:
            ddl-auto: create-drop
            naming-strategy: org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.hibernate.SpringNamingStrategy
        properties:
            hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache: false
            hibernate.cache.use_query_cache: false
            hibernate.generate_statistics: true
            hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto: validate

如果重要的话,我的项目是从JHipster 2.x版本生成的.请参阅下面的我的数据库配置类.AppProperties是特定于应用程序的属性(与Spring不同).

@Configuration
public class DatabaseConfiguration {

    private static final int LIQUIBASE_POOL_INIT_SIZE = 1;
    private static final int LIQUIBASE_POOL_MAX_ACTIVE = 1;
    private static final int LIQUIBASE_POOL_MAX_IDLE = 0;
    private static final int LIQUIBASE_POOL_MIN_IDLE = 0;

    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DatabaseConfiguration.class);

    /**
     * Creates data source.
     *
     * @param dataSourceProperties Data source properties configured.
     * @param appProperties the app properties
     * @return Data source.
     */
    @Bean(destroyMethod = "close")
    @ConditionalOnClass(org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource.class)
    @Primary
    public DataSource dataSource(final DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties,
        final AppProperties appProperties) {

        LOG.info("Configuring Datasource with url: {}, user: {}",
            dataSourceProperties.getUrl(), dataSourceProperties.getUsername());

        if (dataSourceProperties.getUrl() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database URL!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException("Data source is not configured correctly, please specify URL");
        }
        if (dataSourceProperties.getUsername() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database user!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException(
                "Data source is not configured correctly, please specify database user");
        }
        if (dataSourceProperties.getPassword() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database password!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException(
                "Data source is not configured correctly, "
                    + "please specify database password");
        }

        PoolProperties config = new PoolProperties();
        config.setDriverClassName(dataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName());
        config.setUrl(dataSourceProperties.getUrl());
        config.setUsername(dataSourceProperties.getUsername());
        config.setPassword(dataSourceProperties.getPassword());
        config.setInitialSize(appProperties.getDatasource().getInitialSize());
        config.setMaxActive(appProperties.getDatasource().getMaxActive());
        config.setTestOnBorrow(appProperties.getDatasource().isTestOnBorrow());
        config.setValidationQuery(appProperties.getDatasource().getValidationQuery());

        org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource dataSource = new org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource(config);
        LOG.info("Data source is created: {}", dataSource);

        return dataSource;

    }

    /**
     * Create data source for Liquibase using dba user and password provided for "liquibase"
     * in application.yml.
     *
     * @param dataSourceProperties Data source properties
     * @param liquibaseProperties Liquibase properties.
     * @param appProperties the app properties
     * @return Data source for liquibase.
     */
    @Bean(destroyMethod = "close")
    @ConditionalOnClass(org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource.class)
    public DataSource liquibaseDataSource(final DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties,
        final LiquibaseProperties liquibaseProperties, final AppProperties appProperties) {

        LOG.info("Configuring Liquibase Datasource with url: {}, user: {}",
            dataSourceProperties.getUrl(), liquibaseProperties.getUser());

        /*
         * This is needed for integration testing. When we run integration tests using SpringJUnit4ClassRunner, Spring
         * uses
         * H2DB if it is in the class path. In that case, we have to create pool for H2DB.
         * Need to find a better solution for this.
         */
        if (dataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName() != null
            && dataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName().startsWith("org.h2.")) {
            return dataSource(dataSourceProperties, appProperties);
        }

        if (dataSourceProperties.getUrl() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database URL!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException("Liquibase is not configured correctly, please specify URL");
        }
        if (liquibaseProperties.getUser() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database user!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException(
                "Liquibase is not configured correctly, please specify database user");
        }
        if (liquibaseProperties.getPassword() == null) {
            LOG.error("Your Liquibase configuration is incorrect, please specify database password!");
            throw new ApplicationContextException(
                "Liquibase is not configured correctly, please specify database password");
        }

        PoolProperties config = new PoolProperties();

        config.setDriverClassName(dataSourceProperties.getDriverClassName());
        config.setUrl(dataSourceProperties.getUrl());
        config.setUsername(liquibaseProperties.getUser());
        config.setPassword(liquibaseProperties.getPassword());

        // for liquibase pool, we dont need more than 1 connection
        config.setInitialSize(LIQUIBASE_POOL_INIT_SIZE);
        config.setMaxActive(LIQUIBASE_POOL_MAX_ACTIVE);

        // for liquibase pool, we dont want any connections to linger around
        config.setMaxIdle(LIQUIBASE_POOL_MAX_IDLE);
        config.setMinIdle(LIQUIBASE_POOL_MIN_IDLE);

        org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource dataSource = new org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource(config);
        LOG.info("Liquibase data source is created: {}", dataSource);

        return dataSource;

    }

    /**
     * Creates a liquibase instance.
     *
     * @param dataSource Data source to use for liquibase.
     * @param dataSourceProperties Datasource properties.
     * @param liquibaseProperties Liquibase properties.
     * @return Liquibase instance to be used in spring.
     */
    @Bean
    public SpringLiquibase liquibase(@Qualifier("liquibaseDataSource") final DataSource dataSource,
        final DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties, final LiquibaseProperties liquibaseProperties) {

        // Use liquibase.integration.spring.SpringLiquibase if you don't want Liquibase to start asynchronously
        SpringLiquibase liquibase = new AsyncSpringLiquibase();
        liquibase.setDataSource(dataSource);
        liquibase.setChangeLog("classpath:config/liquibase/master.xml");
        liquibase.setContexts(liquibaseProperties.getContexts());
        liquibase.setDefaultSchema(liquibaseProperties.getDefaultSchema());
        liquibase.setDropFirst(liquibaseProperties.isDropFirst());
        liquibase.setShouldRun(liquibaseProperties.isEnabled());

        return liquibase;

    }

}

Answer 1

这是因为每个测试共享相同的数据库,并且H2的生命周期不在我们的控制之下.如果您启动进程(VM)并需要一个名为的数据库foo,请关闭应用程序上下文,启动一个新的并foo再次要求您将获得相同的实例.

在即将1.4.2发布的版本中,我们添加了一个属性,用于在启动时为数据库生成唯一名称(请参阅参考资料spring.datasource.generate-unique-name),默认情况下该值将设置为1.5.

在此期间,您可以标注每个测试@SpringBootTest(properties="spring.datasource.name=xyz"),其中xyz是需要单独的DB测试不同.

Answer 2

如果我理解正确的话，liquibase 会处理数据库状态。对于每个文件以及测试数据，liquibase 都会在表中创建一个校验和，以检查某些内容是否已更改。h2 实例在 @DirtiesContext 之后仍然存在，因此校验和仍然存在于数据库中。Liquibase 认为一切都是正确的，但测试数据可能已经改变。

要强制 liquibase 删除数据库并重新创建一个全新的数据库，您必须在 application.yml 中设置属性（用于测试的属性）：

liquibase:
    contexts: test
    drop-first: true

或者作为替代方案，您可以对其进行硬编码：

liquibase.setDropFirst(true);

您可以使用 @DirtiesContext 注释您的测试，这会减慢测试速度，因为整个应用程序上下文都会重建。

或者您可以创建一个自定义的 TestExecutionListener，这要快得多。我创建了一个自定义 TestExecutionListener，它重新创建数据库并保留上下文。

public class CleanUpDatabaseTestExecutionListener
    extends AbstractTestExecutionListener {

    @Inject
    SpringLiquibase liquibase;

    @Override
    public int getOrder() {
        return Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE;
    }

    @Override
    public void afterTestClass(TestContext testContext) throws Exception {
        //This is a bit dirty but it works well
        testContext.getApplicationContext()
            .getAutowireCapableBeanFactory()
            .autowireBean(this);
        liquibase.afterPropertiesSet();
    }

如果您使用 TestExecutionListener，则必须将此侦听器添加到您的测试中：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = Application.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
@IntegrationTest
@TestExecutionListeners(listeners = {
    DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
    TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
    CleanUpDatabaseTestExecutionListener.class,
})
public class Test {
    //your tests
}

注意：请勿将@DirtiesContext和TestExecutionListener一起使用，这会导致错误。