我正在尝试使用两个char参数来制作摇滚,纸张,剪刀游戏的功能,其中第一个参数代表用户选择的摇滚,纸张或剪刀.第二个参数代表游戏的结果,胜利,失败或平局.但是,当我试图调用该函数时,没有任何事情发生.我迷失在接下来我需要做什么.非常感谢所有帮助!
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
double playRPS (char a, char b);
int main() {
char letter;
char result = 0;
cout << "Welcome to COP3014 ROCK PAPER SCISSORS!\n\n";
cout << "Please select: " << endl
<< "Rock(r), Paper(p), or Scissors(s)? " << endl
<< "Or enter q to quit --> ";
cin >> letter;
if (letter == 'r' || letter == 'R' || letter == 'p' || letter == 'P' || letter == 's' || letter == 'S') {
playRPS(letter, result);
}
else {
cout << "Please enter r, p, or s" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
double playRPS (char x, char y) {
int choice1 = 0, choice2 = 0, choice3 = 0;
int user2 = rand() % 3 + 1;
if (( x == 'r' || x == 'R') && (user2 == '2')) {
cout << "The computer chose... PAPER!";
cout << "You chose ROCK!";
cout << "You LOSE!";
y = choice2;
return choice2;
}
else if ((x == 'r' || x == 'R') && (user2 == '1')) {
cout << "The computer chose... ROCK!";
cout << "You chose ROCK!";
cout << "You TIED!";
y = choice3;
return choice3;
}
else if ((x == 'r' || x == 'R') && (user2 == '3')) {
cout << "The computer chose... SCISSORS!";
cout << "You chose ROCK!";
cout << "You WIN!";
y = choice1;
return choice1;
}
else if (( x == 'p' || x == 'P') && (user2 == '2')) {
cout << "The computer chose... PAPER!";
cout << "You chose PAPER!";
cout << "You TIED!";
y = choice3;
return choice3;
}
else if (( x == 'p' || x == 'P') && (user2 == '1')) {
cout << "The computer chose... ROCK!";
cout << "You chose PAPER!";
cout << "You WIN!";
y = choice1;
return choice1;
}
else if (( x == 'p' || x == 'P') && (user2 == '3')) {
cout << "The computer chose... SCISSORS!";
cout << "You chose PAPER!";
cout << "You LOSE!";
y = choice2;
return choice2;
}
else if (( x == 's' || x == 'S') && (user2 == '2')) {
cout << "The computer chose... PAPER!";
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!";
cout << "You WIN!";
y = choice1;
return choice1;
}
else if (( x == 's' || x == 'S') && (user2 == '1')) {
cout << "The computer chose... ROCK!";
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!";
cout << "You LOSE!";
y = choice2;
return choice2;
}
else if (( x == 's' || x == 'S') && (user2 == '3')) {
cout << "The computer chose... SCISSORS!";
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!";
cout << "You TIED!";
y = choice3;
return choice3;
}
else{
return main();
}
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一般评论
using namespace std;
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return main();
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您不能拨打电话main.这将导致未定义的行为.另外,你的意图是什么?
rand()
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rand()应该避免.这是一个有趣的视频,说明为什么你不应该使用它,而是使用C++ 11 随机.
y = choice2;
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您正在传递y值,这意味着分配它不会y从外部修改.在执行此操作时(即在声明中),您应该通过y引用传递char& y.
为什么功能没有做任何事情?
......实际上,确实如此!
user2 == '2'
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你的比较被打破了.'2'实际上不是2,但是50.原因是它'2'是一个字符,所以你实际上正在阅读相关的字符代码.
这意味着你的所有条件都是假的playRPS,所以函数只能调用它main()(in return main();).
如何缩短代码?
您的测试用例非常冗余且繁重.您可以将其更改为大幅减少代码大小.
让我们打印播放器选择的选项......
if (x == 'r' || x == 'R')
cout << "You chose ROCK!" << endl;
else if (x == 'p' || x == 'P')
cout << "You chose PAPER!" << endl;
else if (x == 's' || x == 'S')
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!" << endl;
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都好!让我们用电脑的选择做同样的事情吧!
if (user2 == 1)
cout << "The computer chose... ROCK!" << endl;
else if (user2 == 2)
cout << "The computer chose... PAPER!" << endl;
else if (user2 == 3)
cout << "The computer chose... SCISSORS!" << endl;
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然后,您应该比较玩家选择的内容与计算机选择的内容,并告诉谁是赢家.不幸的是,我们不能比较x于user2没有再做很多情况下...
如果我们决定以x同样的方式保存选择user2怎么办?我们也可以使用tolower以避免检查字母的大写字母变体.
int user1 = 0;
x = tolower(x); // we force x to lower case
if (x == 'r')
user1 = 1;
else if (x == 'p')
user1 = 2;
else if (x == 's')
user1 = 3;
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好!现在我们还可以改善第一个if/ else if块中的条件:
if (user1 == 1)
cout << "You chose ROCK!" << endl;
else if (user1 == 2)
cout << "You chose PAPER!" << endl;
else if (user1 == 3)
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!" << endl;
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这意味着我们也可以比较user1,user2所以我们知道谁赢了.
if (user1 == user2) {
cout << "It's a TIE!" << endl;
}
else if ((user1 == 1 && user2 == 2) ||
(user1 == 2 && user2 == 3) ||
(user1 == 3 && user2 == 1)) {
cout << "You LOSE!" << endl;
}
else {
cout << "You WIN!" << endl;
}
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但是,使用1,2并3没有使事情非常清楚.如果您使用a enum来表示这些值,该怎么办?
enum RPSChoice
{
ROCK = 1,
PAPER = 2,
SCISSORS = 3
};
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例如,第一个块现在看起来像:
if (user1 == ROCK)
cout << "You chose ROCK!" << endl;
else if (user1 == PAPER)
cout << "You chose PAPER!" << endl;
else if (user1 == SCISSORS)
cout << "You chose SCISSORS!" << endl;
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如果我们将新的两个第一个块包装成一个函数,以便我们避免重复自己怎么办?
void printDecision(string who, int choice) {
cout << who; // no matter what, we will tell who took a decision
if (choice == ROCK)
cout << " chose ROCK!" << endl;
else if (choice == PAPER)
cout << " chose PAPER!" << endl;
else if (choice == SCISSORS)
cout << " chose SCISSORS!" << endl;
}
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通过这种方式,我们可以playRPS通过将两个大块替换为简单的短函数调用来更加清晰:
printDecision("You", user1);
printDecision("The computer", user2);
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让我们做另一个简单的函数,决定谁赢了:
int winner(int user1, int user2) {
if (user1 == user2) {
return 0; // tie
}
else if ((user1 == ROCK && user2 == PAPER) ||
(user1 == PAPER && user2 == SCISSORS) ||
(user1 == SCISSORS && user2 == ROCK)) {
return 2; // user2 is the winner
}
else {
return 1; // user1 is the winner
}
}
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最后一个返回根据给定字符给出的值:
int characterToChoice(char c)
{
c = tolower(c);
if (c == 'r')
return ROCK;
else if (c == 's')
return SCISSORS;
else if (c == 'p')
return PAPER;
else
return 0; // Not a proper choice!
}
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完成!这是所有改进的最终程序(没有做任何替换rand()),这是一个尝试它的在线提示.
请注意,有更多方法可以改进代码,进一步简化代码并使其更清晰.我最值得注意的是std :: unordered_map将RPSChoice值绑定到a string,而a 绑定char到a RPSChoice.在某些情况下,您可能还希望切换到if.
正如您对问题的评论所述,您可以使用调试器诊断出此问题.πάνταῥεῖ的评论可供参考:
解决此类问题的正确工具是您的调试器.在询问Stack Overflow之前,您应该逐行浏览代码.有关更多帮助,请阅读如何调试小程序(作者Eric Lippert).
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