fra*_*cis 5 delphi generics dictionary default
我希望有一个字典,当找不到搜索键时返回默认值.阅读文档:
Generics.Collections.Tdictionary [...]此类提供映射[...]和初始内容.
1 - 怎么样?有没有办法做到这一点ala Python:{1:'one'; 2:'两个'}?
Generics.Collections.TDictionary.TryGetValue [...]如果给定的键在字典中并在Value中提供其值,则TryGetValue返回true.否则,它返回false,并将Value设置为Tvalue的默认值类型.
2 - 如何设置此默认值?我找不到构造函数(可能我只是在错误的地方搜索过.我期待类似"构造函数Create(DefaultValue:TValue);")
所以我正在尝试实现自己的(可能没有必要.见上文):
代码是(欢迎评论和建议!):
unit Util;
interface
uses
Generics.collections;
type
//
// Dictionary with default response
//
TDefaultDictonary<K, V> = class(TObjectDictionary<K, V>)
private
M_DefaultValue : V;
public
constructor Create(Defaultvalue : V);
destructor Destroy; reintroduce;
function GetDefaultValue : V;
function TryGetValue(const Key: K; out Value: V): Boolean;
function GetValueOf(const Key: K) : V;
end;
implementation
//
// Contructor and destructor
//
constructor TDefaultDictonary<K, V>.Create(Defaultvalue : V);
begin
inherited Create;
M_DefaultValue := Defaultvalue;
end;
destructor TDefaultDictonary<K, V>.Destroy;
begin
inherited Destroy;
end;
//
// Get the default Value
//
function TDefaultDictonary<K, V>.GetDefaultValue : V;
begin
Result := M_DefaultValue;
end;
//
// Try to get a value from the dictionary for the given key.
//
// If the value is found then "Value" holds it and the function returns true.
// If the value is not found then "Value" holds the default value and the
// function returns false.
//
function TDefaultDictonary<K, V>.TryGetValue(const Key: K; out Value: V): Boolean;
var
IsKeyFound : boolean;
DictVal : V;
begin
IsKeyFound := inherited TryGetValue(Key, DictVal);
if not IsKeyFound then begin
DictVal := M_DefaultValue;
end;
// Outputs:
Value := DictVal;
Result := IsKeyFound;
end;
//
// Get a value from the dictionary for the given key.
//
// If the value is found then the function returns it.
// If the value is not found the function returns the default value.
//
function TDefaultDictonary<K, V>.GetValueOf(const Key: K) : V;
var
DictVal : V;
begin
TryGetValue(Key, DictVal);
Result := DictVal;
end;
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测试是:
unit Test_Utils;
{
Test the TDefaultDictionary functionality
}
interface
uses
Sysutils, Math, TestFramework, Util;
type
TestUtil = class(TTestCase)
public
procedure SetUp; override;
procedure TearDown; override;
published
procedure TestDefaultDictionaryGetDefaultResponse;
procedure TestDefaultDictionaryExistingKey;
procedure TestDefaultDictionaryNotExistingKey;
end;
implementation
procedure TestUtil.SetUp;
begin
end;
procedure TestUtil.TearDown;
begin
end;
procedure TestUtil.TestDefaultDictionaryGetDefaultResponse;
var
dd : TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>;
begin
dd := TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>.Create('Default response');
checkEquals('Default response', dd.GetDefaultValue);
dd.Free;
end;
procedure TestUtil.TestDefaultDictionaryExistingKey;
var
dd : TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>;
outVal : string;
isKeyFound : boolean;
begin
dd := TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>.Create('Default response');
dd.Add(1, 'My one');
checkEquals(1, dd.Count,
'One element as count');
isKeyFound := dd.TryGetValue(1, outVal);
check(isKeyFound,
'Key not found by TryGetValue');
checkEquals('My one', outVal,
'Value given by TryGetValue');
checkEquals('My one', dd[1],
'Value given by indexing as array');
dd.Free;
end;
procedure TestUtil.TestDefaultDictionaryNotExistingKey;
var
dd : TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>;
outVal : string;
isKeyFound : boolean;
begin
dd := TDefaultDictonary<integer, string>.Create('Default response');
dd.Add(1, 'one');
isKeyFound := dd.TryGetValue(2, outVal);
check(not isKeyFound,
'Key should not be found by TryGetValue');
checkEquals('Default response', outVal,
'Default Value given by TryGetValue');
checkEquals('Default response', dd.GetValueOf(2),
'Default Value given by indexing as array');
//
// It is possible to oveload the indexer operator?
// Please review or delete me !
//
//checkEquals('Default response', dd[2],
// 'Value given by indexing as array');
//
dd.Free;
end;
initialization
RegisterTest(TestUtil.Suite);
end.
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这远非完整.我想让索引器操作员也工作(参见最后一个测试).这有可能吗?还应该实施什么?
这个实现是否泄漏了M_DefaultValue(我是Delphi的新手).我不能在析构函数中做一些M_DefaultValue.Free(由于构造函数约束而不是那么灵活)这里可以做什么?
提前致谢,
弗朗西斯