Java 8 - 将 List<byte[]> 合并到 byte[] 的最有效方法

Coc*_*oco 3 java performance inputstream stream

我有一个库,它返回一些二进制数据作为二进制数组列表。这些 byte[] 需要合并到一个 InputStream 中。

这是我当前的实现:

public static InputStream foo(List<byte[]> binary) {
    byte[] streamArray = null;
    binary.forEach(bin -> {
        org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils.addAll(streamArray, bin);
    });
    return new ByteArrayInputStream(streamArray);
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

但这对CPU来说是相当密集的。有没有更好的办法?

感谢所有的答案。我做了一个性能测试。这些是我的结果:

  • 函数:'NicolasFilotto' => 100 次调用平均耗时 68,04 毫秒
  • 函数:'NicolasFilottoEstSize' => 100 次调用平均 65,24 毫秒
  • 函数:'NicolasFilottoSequenceInputStream' => 100 次调用平均耗时 63,09 毫秒
  • 函数:'Saka1029_1' => 100 次调用平均 63,06 毫秒
  • 函数:'Saka1029_2' => 100 次调用的平均时间为 0.79 毫秒
  • 函数:'Coco' => 10 次调用平均 541,60 毫秒

我不确定“Saka1029_2”是否测量正确......

这是执行函数:

private static double execute(Callable<InputStream> funct, int times) throws Exception {
    List<Long> executions = new ArrayList<>(times);

    for (int idx = 0; idx < times; idx++) {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
        InputStream is = funct.call();
        br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        String line = null;
        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {}
        executions.add(System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime);
    }

    return calculateAverage(executions);
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

请注意,我读取了每个输入流

这些是使用的实现:

public static class NicolasFilotto implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;

    public NicolasFilotto(List<byte[]> binary) {
        this.binary = binary;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        for (byte[] bytes : binary) {
            baos.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
    }

}

public static class NicolasFilottoSequenceInputStream implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;

    public NicolasFilottoSequenceInputStream(List<byte[]> binary) {
        this.binary = binary;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        return new SequenceInputStream(
                Collections.enumeration(
                        binary.stream().map(ByteArrayInputStream::new).collect(Collectors.toList())));
    }

}

public static class NicolasFilottoEstSize implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;
    private final int lineSize;

    public NicolasFilottoEstSize(List<byte[]> binary, int lineSize) {
        this.binary = binary;
        this.lineSize = lineSize;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(binary.size() * lineSize);
        for (byte[] bytes : binary) {
            baos.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
    }

}

public static class Saka1029_1 implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;

    public Saka1029_1(List<byte[]> binary) {
        this.binary = binary;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        byte[] all = new byte[binary.stream().mapToInt(a -> a.length).sum()];
        int pos = 0;
        for (byte[] bin : binary) {
            int length = bin.length;
            System.arraycopy(bin, 0, all, pos, length);
            pos += length;
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(all);
    }

}

public static class Saka1029_2 implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;

    public Saka1029_2(List<byte[]> binary) {
        this.binary = binary;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        int size = binary.size();
        return new InputStream() {
            int i = 0, j = 0;

            @Override
            public int read() throws IOException {
                if (i >= size) return -1;
                if (j >= binary.get(i).length) {
                    ++i;
                    j = 0;
                }
                if (i >= size) return -1;
                return binary.get(i)[j++];
            }
        };
    }

}

public static class Coco implements Callable<InputStream> {

    private final List<byte[]> binary;

    public Coco(List<byte[]> binary) {
        this.binary = binary;
    }

    @Override
    public InputStream call() throws Exception {
        byte[] streamArray = new byte[0];
        for (byte[] bin : binary) {
            streamArray = org.apache.commons.lang.ArrayUtils.addAll(streamArray, bin);
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(streamArray);
    }

}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

Nic*_*tto 5

您可以使用 aByteArrayOutputStream来存储列表中每个字节数组的内容,但为了提高效率,我们需要创建ByteArrayOutputStream 一个初始大小与目标大小尽可能匹配的实例,因此如果您知道大小或者至少是字节数组的平均大小,你应该使用它,代码是:

public static InputStream foo(List<byte[]> binary) {
    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(ARRAY_SIZE * binary.size());
    for (byte[] bytes : binary) {
        baos.write(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
    }
    return new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray());
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

另一种方法是使用SequenceInputStream逻辑连接ByteArrayInputStream代表列表中一个元素的所有实例,如下所示:

public static InputStream foo(List<byte[]> binary) {
    return new SequenceInputStream(
        Collections.enumeration(
            binary.stream().map(ByteArrayInputStream::new).collect(Collectors.toList())
        )
    );
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

这种方法的有趣之处在于,您无需复制任何内容,只需创建将按ByteArrayInputStream原样使用字节数组的实例。

为了避免将结果收集为 a ,List特别是如果您的初始值List很大,您可以iterator()按照@Holger 的建议直接调用,然后我们只需将 an 转换为可以从Apache Commons Collection完成的iteratoran ,最终代码将是:enumerationIteratorUtils.asEnumeration(iterator)

public static InputStream foo(List<byte[]> binary) {
    return new SequenceInputStream(
        IteratorUtils.asEnumeration(
            binary.stream().map(ByteArrayInputStream::new).iterator()
        )
    );
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)