使用Fetch API发布POST请求？

Question

我知道使用新的Fetch API(在这里使用ES2017的async/ await),您可以像这样发出一个GET请求:

async getData() {
    try {
        let response = await fetch('https://example.com/api');
        let responseJson = await response.json();
        console.log(responseJson);
    } catch(error) {
        console.error(error);
    }
}

但是你如何发出POST请求呢？

Answer 1

简而言之,Fetch还允许您传递一个对象以获得更个性化的请求:

fetch("http://example.com/api/endpoint/", {
  method: "post",
  headers: {
    'Accept': 'application/json',
    'Content-Type': 'application/json'
  },

  //make sure to serialize your JSON body
  body: JSON.stringify({
    name: myName,
    password: myPassword
  })
})
.then( (response) => { 
   //do something awesome that makes the world a better place
});

查看获取文档以获取更多好东西和陷阱:

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Fetch_API/Using_Fetch

请注意,既然你正在进行异步try/catch模式,你只需省略then()我的例子中的函数;)

Answer 2

2021 答案：以防万一您在这里寻找如何使用 async/await 或 Promise 与 axios 相比进行 GET 和 POST Fetch api 请求。

我正在使用 jsonplaceholder fake API 来演示：

使用 async/await 获取 api GET 请求：

         const asyncGetCall = async () => {
            try {
                const response = await fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts');
                 const data = await response.json();
                // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
                 console.log(data);
               } catch(error) {
            // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)
                  console.log(error)
                 } 
            }


          asyncGetCall()

使用 async/await 获取 api POST 请求：

    const asyncPostCall = async () => {
            try {
                const response = await fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts', {
                 method: 'POST',
                 headers: {
                   'Content-Type': 'application/json'
                   },
                   body: JSON.stringify({
             // your expected POST request payload goes here
                     title: "My post title",
                     body: "My post content."
                    })
                 });
                 const data = await response.json();
              // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
                 console.log(data);
               } catch(error) {
             // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)

                  console.log(error)
                 } 
            }

asyncPostCall()

使用 Promise 的 GET 请求：

  fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts')
  .then(res => res.json())
  .then(data => {
   // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
    console.log(data)
  })
  .catch(error => {
    // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)
   console.log(error)
  })

使用 Promise 的 POST 请求：

fetch('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts', {
  method: 'POST',
  headers: {
    'Content-Type': 'application/json',
  },
   body: JSON.stringify({
     // your expected POST request payload goes here
      title: "My post title",
      body: "My post content."
      })
})
  .then(res => res.json())
  .then(data => {
   // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
    console.log(data)
  })
  .catch(error => {
  // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)
   console.log(error)
  })  

使用 Axios 获取请求：

        const axiosGetCall = async () => {
            try {
              const { data } = await axios.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts')
    // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
              console.log(`data: `, data)
           
            } catch (error) {
    // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)
              console.log(`error: `, error)
            }
          }
    
    axiosGetCall()

使用 Axios 的 POST 请求：

const axiosPostCall = async () => {
    try {
      const { data } = await axios.post('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/posts',  {
      // your expected POST request payload goes here
      title: "My post title",
      body: "My post content."
      })
   // enter you logic when the fetch is successful
      console.log(`data: `, data)
   
    } catch (error) {
  // enter your logic for when there is an error (ex. error toast)
      console.log(`error: `, error)
    }
  }


axiosPostCall()

Answer 3

如果你想发一个简单的帖子请求而不发送数据作为JSON.

fetch("/url-to-post",
{
    method: "POST",

    // whatever data you want to post with a key-value pair

    body: "name=manas&age=20",
    headers: 
    {
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
    }

}).then((response) => 
{ 
    // do something awesome that makes the world a better place
});

Answer 4

将表单数据 POST 到 PHP 脚本的最佳方法是Fetch API。下面是一个例子：

function postData() {
  const form = document.getElementById('form')
  let data = new FormData()
  data.append('name', form.name.value)

  fetch('../php/contact.php', {
    method: 'POST',
    body: data,
  }).then(response => {
    if (!response.ok) {
      throw new Error('Network response was not ok.')
    }
  }).catch(console.error)
}

<form id="form" action="javascript:postData()">
  <input id="name" name="name" placeholder="Name" type="text" required>
  <input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

这是一个非常基本的 PHP 脚本示例，它接收数据并发送电子邮件：

<?php
    header('Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8');

    if (isset($_POST['name'])) {
        $name = $_POST['name'];
    }

    $to = "test@example.com";
    $subject = "New name submitted";
    $body = "You received the following name: $name";
    
    mail($to, $subject, $body);