如何在 Django 中使用 FileField 测试表单？

Question

我有这个表格：

# forms.py

class BookForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ['book_title', 'language', 'author', 'release_year', 'genre', 'ages', 'cover']

字段类型： Wherebook_title和authorare CharField，language并且genreare 也是CharField，但对于它们我有选择选项，release_yearand agesare IntegerField，最后一个cover是FileField。

选择选项：

# models.py
ENGLISH = 'english'
LANGUAGE_CHOICES = (
    (ENGLISH, 'English'),
)

ADVENTURE = 'adventure'
GENRE_CHOICES = (
    (ADVENTURE, 'Adventure'),
)

现在：我想测试这个表单，但我不知道如何测试cover，这是我的表单测试。

# test_forms.py
from .. import forms
from django.core.files import File


class TestBookForm:
    def test_form(self):
        form = forms.BookForm(data={})
        assert form.is_valid() is False, 'Should be invalid if no data is given'

        img = File(open('background'))

        data = {'book_title': 'Lord Of The Rings',
                'language': 'english',
                'author': 'J. R. R. Tolkien',
                'release_year': 1957,
                'genre': 'adventure',
                'ages': 16,
                'cover': img}

        form = forms.BookForm(data=data)

        assert form.is_valid() is True

我尝试过： from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile

img = open('background')
uploaded = SimpleUploadedFile(img.name, img.read())
{'cover': uploaded}

这是我的错误：

E       assert False is True
E        +  where False = <bound method BaseForm.is_valid of <BookForm bound=True, valid=False, fields=(book_title;language;author;release_year;genre;ages;cover)>>()
E        +    where <bound method BaseForm.is_valid of <BookForm bound=True, valid=False, fields=(book_title;language;author;release_year;genre;ages;cover)>> = <BookForm bound=True, valid=False, fields=(book_title;language;author;release_year;genre;ages;cover)>
.is_valid

注意：我使用Python 3.5，Django 1.9.4并使用 开始测试py.test。

更新：如果我尝试open('background.jpg')不起作用。错误： FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'background.jpg' 我解决了这个问题

更新2：

我尝试使用mock

from django.core.files import File
import mock

file_mock = mock.MagicMock(spec=File, name='FileMock')
file_mock.name = 'test1.jpg'

{'cover': file_mock}

我尝试使用InMemoryUploadedFile

from io import BytesIO
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import InMemoryUploadedFile
from PIL import Image

im = Image.new(mode='RGB', size=(200, 200))  # create a new image using PIL
im_io = BytesIO()  # a StringIO object for saving image
im.save(im_io, 'JPEG')  # save the image to im_io
im_io.seek(0)  # seek to the beginning

image = InMemoryUploadedFile(
    im_io, None, 'random-name.jpg', 'image/jpeg', None, None
)

{'cover': image}

我修复了图像的路径。

Answer 1

我发现问题这是我的代码：

#test_forms.py
from .. import forms
from django.core.files.uploadedfile import SimpleUploadedFile
import os

TEST_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
TEST_DATA_DIR = os.path.join(TEST_DIR, 'data')


class TestBookForm:
    def test_form(self):
        form = forms.BookForm(data={})
        assert form.is_valid() is False, 'Should be invalid if no data is given'

        test_image_path = os.path.join(TEST_DATA_DIR, 'background.jpg')

        data = {'book_title': 'Lord Of The Rings',
                'language': 'english',
                'author': 'J. R. R. Tolkien',
                'release_year': 1957,
                'genre': 'adventure',
                'ages': 16}

        with open(test_image_path, 'rb') as f:
            form = forms.BookForm(data=data, files={'cover': SimpleUploadedFile('cover', f.read())})
            assert form.is_valid(), 'Invalid form, errors: {}'.format(form.errors)

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