SQL Server:使用sql查询获取表主键

Question

可能重复:
如何列出SQL Server表的主键？

我想使用SQL查询SQL Server数据库获取特定表的主键.

在MySQL中我使用以下查询来获取表主键:

SHOW KEYS FROM tablename WHERE Key_name = 'PRIMARY'

什么相当于上面的SQL Server查询？

如果有一个查询适用于MySQL和SQL Server,那么它将是一个理想的情况.

Answer 1

我还发现另一个SQL Server:

SELECT COLUMN_NAME
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE OBJECTPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID(CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA + '.' + QUOTENAME(CONSTRAINT_NAME)), 'IsPrimaryKey') = 1
AND TABLE_NAME = 'TableName' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = 'Schema'

Answer 2

找到另一个:

SELECT KU.table_name as TABLENAME,column_name as PRIMARYKEYCOLUMN
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS TC
INNER JOIN
    INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KU
          ON TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' AND
             TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = KU.CONSTRAINT_NAME AND 
             KU.table_name='yourTableName'
ORDER BY KU.TABLE_NAME, KU.ORDINAL_POSITION;

我在SQL Server 2003/2005上测试了这个

Answer 3

使用SQL SERVER 2005,您可以尝试

SELECT  i.name AS IndexName,
        OBJECT_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID) AS TableName,
        COL_NAME(ic.OBJECT_ID,ic.column_id) AS ColumnName
FROM    sys.indexes AS i INNER JOIN 
        sys.index_columns AS ic ON  i.OBJECT_ID = ic.OBJECT_ID
                                AND i.index_id = ic.index_id
WHERE   i.is_primary_key = 1

在SQL SERVER - 2005中找到 - 在数据库中查找具有主键约束的表

Answer 4

从记忆中,它就是这个

SELECT * FROM sys.objects
WHERE type = 'PK' 
AND  object_id = OBJECT_ID ('tableName')

或这个..

SELECT * FROM sys.objects
WHERE type = 'PK' 
AND  parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID ('tableName')

我认为其中一个应该可以工作,具体取决于数据的存储方式,但我担心我无法访问SQL来实际验证相同的数据.

Answer 5

SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM {DATABASENAME}.INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE
WHERE TABLE_NAME LIKE '{TABLENAME}' AND CONSTRAINT_NAME LIKE 'PK%'

WHERE
{DATABASENAME} =来自服务器的数据库和
{TABLENAME} =您要从中查看主键的表名.

注意:输入您的数据库名称和表名称,不带括号.

Answer 6

select * 
from sysobjects 
where xtype='pk' and 
   parent_obj in (select id from sysobjects where name='tablename')

这将在sql 2005中工作

Answer 7

这应该列出所有约束，最后您可以放置​​过滤器

/* CAST IS DONE , SO THAT OUTPUT INTEXT FILE REMAINS WITH SCREEN LIMIT*/
WITH   ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE (CONSTRAINT_NAME,CONSTRAINT_TYPE,PARENT_TABLE_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE,REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCE_COL_NAME) 
AS
(
SELECT  CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (PKnUKEY.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        CONSTRAINT_TYPE=CAST (PKnUKEY.type_desc AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (PKnUTable.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( PKnUKEYCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE=  oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,        
        REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME='' ,
        REFERENCE_COL_NAME='' 

FROM sys.key_constraints as PKnUKEY
    INNER JOIN sys.tables as PKnUTable
            ON PKnUTable.object_id = PKnUKEY.parent_object_id
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns as PKnUColIdx
            ON PKnUColIdx.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
            AND PKnUColIdx.index_id = PKnUKEY.unique_index_id
    INNER JOIN sys.columns as PKnUKEYCol
            ON PKnUKEYCol.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
            AND PKnUKEYCol.column_id = PKnUColIdx.column_id
     INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
            ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=PKnUTable.name
            AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=PKnUKEYCol.name
UNION ALL
SELECT  CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (oConstraint.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FK',
        PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (oParent.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( oParentCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,     
        REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME=CAST ( oReference.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
        REFERENCE_COL_NAME=CAST (oReferenceCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) 
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns FKC
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oConstraint
            ON FKC.constraint_object_id=oConstraint.id 
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oParent
            ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParent.id
    INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oParentCol
            ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParentCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
            AND FKC.parent_column_id=oParentCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
    INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oReference
            ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReference.id
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
            ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=oParent.name
            AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=oParentCol.name
    INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oReferenceCol
            ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReferenceCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
            AND FKC.referenced_column_id=oReferenceCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/

)

select * from   ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE
where   
    PARENT_TABLE_NAME  in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME') 
    or REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME  in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
ORDER BY PARENT_TABLE_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME;

如需参考，请阅读 - http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqltips/archive/2005/09/16/469136.aspx