Python类:方法与property具有相同的名称

Question

我正在建造一个类加热.此类的每个实例都具有属性"temperature".加热还必须支持方法temperature(),它将属性'temperature'打印为整数.

当我调用方法temperature()时,我得到错误'int'对象不可调用,因为self.temperature已被定义为整数.

我该如何解决这个问题？

码:

class Heating:
    """
    >>> machine1 = Heating('radiator kitchen', temperature=20)
    >>> machine2 = Heating('radiator living', minimum=15, temperature=18)    
    >>> machine3 = Heating('radiator bathroom', temperature=22, minimum=18, maximum=28)
    >>> print(machine1)
    radiator kitchen: current temperature: 20.0; allowed min: 0.0; allowed max: 100.0
    >>> machine2
    Heating('radiator living', 18.0, 15.0, 100.0)
    >>> machine2.changeTemperature(8)
    >>> machine2.temperature()
    26.0
    >>> machine3.changeTemperature(-5)
    >>> machine3
    Heating('radiator bathroom', 18.0, 18.0, 28.0)
    """
    def __init__(self, name, temperature = 10, minimum = 0, maximum = 100):
        self.name = name
        self.temperature = temperature
        self.minimum = minimum
        self.maximum = maximum

    def __str__(self):
        return '{0}: current temperature: {1:.1f}; allowed min: {2:.1f}; allowed max: {3:.1f}'.format(self.name, self.temperature, self.minimum, self.maximum)

    def __repr__(self):
        return 'Heating(\'{0}\', {1:.1f}, {2:.1f}, {3:.1f})'.format(self.name, self.temperature, self.minimum, self.maximum)

    def changeTemperature(self, increment):
        self.temperature += increment

        if self.temperature < self.minimum:
            self.temperature = self.minimum

        if self.temperature > self.maximum:
            self.temperature = self.maximum

    def temperature(self):
        return self.temperature




# testen van het programma 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    import doctest
    doctest.testmod()

Answer 1

您不能同时拥有具有相同名称的方法和属性.方法也是属性,尽管你可以调用.

只需将属性重命名为其他内容即可.你可以使用_temperature:

def __init__(self, name, temperature = 10, minimum = 0, maximum = 100):
    self.name = name
    self._temperature = temperature
    self.minimum = minimum
    self.maximum = maximum

def __str__(self):
    return '{0}: current temperature: {1:.1f}; allowed min: {2:.1f}; allowed max: {3:.1f}'.format(self.name, self._temperature, self.minimum, self.maximum)

def __repr__(self):
    return 'Heating(\'{0}\', {1:.1f}, {2:.1f}, {3:.1f})'.format(self.name, self._temperature, self.minimum, self.maximum)

def changeTemperature(self, increment):
    self._temperature += increment

    if self.temperature < self.minimum:
        self._temperature = self.minimum

    if self.temperature > self.maximum:
        self._temperature = self.maximum

def temperature(self):
    return self._temperature

现在你的类有_temperature(整数)和temperature()(方法); 后者返回前者.