Jackson JSON使用多个参数构造函数进行反序列化

Question

我已经在我的项目中使用了FasterXML/Jackson-Databind一段时间,并且一切都很好,直到我发现这篇文章并开始使用这种方法来反序列化没有@JsonProperty注释的对象.

问题是,当我有一个构造函数接受多个参数并使用@JsonCreator注释装饰这个构造函数时,Jackson会抛出以下错误:

Exception in thread "main" com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: 
Argument #0 of constructor [constructor for com.eliti.model.Cruiser, annotations: {interface com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator=@com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator(mode=DEFAULT)}] has no property name annotation; must have name when multiple-parameter constructor annotated as Creator
 at [Source: {
  "class" : "com.eliti.model.Cruiser",
  "inventor" : "afoaisf",
  "type" : "MeansTransport",
  "capacity" : 123,
  "maxSpeed" : 100
}; line: 1, column: 1]

我已经创建了一个小项目来说明问题,我试图反序列化的类是这个:

public class Cruise extends WaterVehicle {

 private Integer maxSpeed;

  @JsonCreator
  public Cruise(String name, Integer maxSpeed) {
    super(name);
    System.out.println("Cruise.Cruise");
    this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
  }

  public Integer getMaxSpeed() {
    return maxSpeed;
  }

  public void setMaxSpeed(Integer maxSpeed) {
    this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
  }

}

反序列化的代码是这样的:

public class Test {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    Cruise cruise = new Cruise("asd", 100);
    cruise.setMaxSpeed(100);
    cruise.setCapacity(123);
    cruise.setInventor("afoaisf");

    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper().enable(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT);
    mapper.registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule(JsonCreator.Mode.PROPERTIES));

    String cruiseJson = mapper.writeValueAsString(cruise);

    System.out.println(cruiseJson);

    System.out.println(mapper.readValue(cruiseJson, Cruise.class));

}

我已经尝试删除@JsonCreator,但如果我这样做,则抛出以下异常:

Exception in thread "main" com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonMappingException: Can not construct instance of com.eliti.model.Cruise: no suitable constructor found, can not deserialize from Object value (missing default constructor or creator, or perhaps need to add/enable type information?)
 at [Source: {
  "class" : "com.eliti.model.Cruise",
  "inventor" : "afoaisf",
  "type" : "MeansTransport",
  "capacity" : 123,
  "maxSpeed" : 100
}; line: 3, column: 3]

我试图发出"mvn clean install",但问题仍然存在.

为了包含一些额外的信息,我已经彻底研究了这个问题(GitHub问题,博客文章,StackOverflow问答).以下是我一直在做的一些调整/调查:

调查1

生成的字节码上的javap -v给我这个:

 MethodParameters:
      Name                           Flags
      name
      maxSpeed

在谈论构造函数时,我猜-parameters标志实际上是为javac编译器设置的.

调查2

如果我使用单个参数创建构造函数,则对象将被初始化,但我希望/需要使用多参数构造函数.

调查3

如果我在每个字段上使用注释@JsonProperty它也可以工作,但是对于我的原始项目来说,由于我在构造函数中有很多字段(而且使用注释重构代码很难),所以开销太大了.

剩下的问题是: 如何在没有注释的情况下让Jackson使用多个参数构造函数？

Answer 1

您需要添加注释@JsonProperty,指定在创建对象时需要传递给构造函数的json属性的名称.

public class Cruise extends WaterVehicle {

 private Integer maxSpeed;

  @JsonCreator
  public Cruise(@JsonProperty("name") String name, @JsonProperty("maxSpeed")Integer maxSpeed) {
    super(name);
    System.out.println("Cruise.Cruise");
    this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
  }

  public Integer getMaxSpeed() {
    return maxSpeed;
  }

  public void setMaxSpeed(Integer maxSpeed) {
    this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
  }

}

编辑

我刚刚使用下面的代码进行了测试,它对我有用

import java.io.IOException;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonCreator.Mode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.module.paramnames.ParameterNamesModule;

class WaterVehicle {

    private String name;
    private int capacity;
    private String inventor;
    public WaterVehicle(String name) {
        this.name=name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public int getCapacity() {
        return capacity;
    }
    public void setCapacity(int capacity) {
        this.capacity = capacity;
    }
    public String getInventor() {
        return inventor;
    }
    public void setInventor(String inventor) {
        this.inventor = inventor;
    }


}

 class Cruise  extends WaterVehicle{

        private Integer maxSpeed;

        public Cruise(String name, Integer maxSpeed) {
            super(name);
            this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
        }

        public Integer getMaxSpeed() {
            return maxSpeed;
        }

        public void setMaxSpeed(Integer maxSpeed) {
            this.maxSpeed = maxSpeed;
        }


    }

public class Test {
      public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Cruise cruise = new Cruise("asd", 100);
        cruise.setMaxSpeed(100);
        cruise.setCapacity(123);
        cruise.setInventor("afoaisf");

        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper().enable(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT);
        mapper.registerModule(new ParameterNamesModule(Mode.PROPERTIES));

        String jsonString = mapper.writeValueAsString( cruise);
        System.out.println(jsonString);

        Cruise anotherCruise = mapper.readValue(jsonString, Cruise.class);
         System.out.println(anotherCruise );
         jsonString = mapper.writeValueAsString( anotherCruise );
         System.out.println(jsonString);

    }

}

它产生以下输出

{
  "name" : "asd",
  "capacity" : 123,
  "inventor" : "afoaisf",
  "maxSpeed" : 100
}
Cruise@56f4468b
{
  "name" : "asd",
  "capacity" : 123,
  "inventor" : "afoaisf",
  "maxSpeed" : 100
}

确保pom文件中有compilerArgs.

<compilerArgs>
     <arg>-parameters</arg>
</compilerArgs>

Answer 2

简短回答：使用 Java 8、javac -parameters和jackson-module-parameter-names

长答案：为什么当构造函数用@JsonCreator 注释时，它的参数必须用@JsonProperty 注释？

Answer 3

@JsonCreator@JsonProperty("xxx")在参数中有之后不需要