SQL - 如何在树级数据结构中查找值

Question

我有两张SQL Server桌子:

• 发票(invoice)
• 发票关系(invoice_relation)

invoice table存储具有事务作品集的所有发票记录.

invoice_relation 表存储发票之间的任何关系.

这是发票如何相互关联的示例:

所以,我们的目标是找到" folio"下invoice表中给出的invoicenumber和folio,但folio有时不会是folio了invoice了,所以我需要做的,为了所有的树关系的搜索找到,如果任何发票匹配发票号码但也是folio这种关系的一部分.

例如,我必须找到对开的发票编号:

• 对开:1003
• 发票编号:A1122

在我的查询中,我需要首先通过作品集找到因为它是我的invoice表主键.然后,将尝试匹配A1122与D1122该会不匹配,所以后来我搜索所有树结构发现,如果有一个A1122.结果将是A1122在对开页中找到发票1000.

有关如何做到这一点的任何线索？

这是一个如何使用数据创建上述示例表的脚本:

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[invoice](
    [folio] [int] NOT NULL,
    [invoicenumber] [nvarchar](20) NOT NULL,
    [isactive] [bit] NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_invoice] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [folio] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO


CREATE TABLE [dbo].[invoice_relation](
    [relationid] [int] NOT NULL,
    [invoice] [nvarchar](20) NOT NULL,
    [parentinvoice] [nvarchar](20) NOT NULL,
 CONSTRAINT [PK_invoice_relation_1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED 
(
    [relationid] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1000, N'A1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1001, N'B1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1002, N'C1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1003, N'D1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1004, N'F1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice] ([folio], [invoicenumber], [isactive]) VALUES (1005, N'G1122', 1)
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice_relation] ([relationid], [invoice], [parentinvoice]) VALUES (1, N'A1122', N'B1122')
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice_relation] ([relationid], [invoice], [parentinvoice]) VALUES (2, N'C1122', N'A1122')
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice_relation] ([relationid], [invoice], [parentinvoice]) VALUES (3, N'D1122', N'A1122')
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice_relation] ([relationid], [invoice], [parentinvoice]) VALUES (4, N'F1122', N'B1122')
GO
INSERT [dbo].[invoice_relation] ([relationid], [invoice], [parentinvoice]) VALUES (5, N'G1122', N'F1122')
GO

Answer 1

这很棘手，因为您有一个单独的关系表，并且根发票不在其中。

DECLARE @folio INT = 1003,
        @invoice NVARCHAR(20) = 'A1122'


-- find highest level of relationship
;WITH cte  AS (
    SELECT  i.folio,
            i.invoicenumber,
            ir.parentinvoice,
            0 AS [level]
    FROM    invoice i
            LEFT JOIN invoice_relation ir  ON ir.invoice = i.invoicenumber
    WHERE   i.folio = @folio
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT  i.folio,
            i.invoicenumber,
            ir.parentinvoice,
            [level] + 1
    FROM    invoice i
            JOIN invoice_relation ir  ON ir.invoice = i.invoicenumber
            JOIN cte r ON r.parentinvoice = i.invoicenumber
),
-- make sure you get the root folio
rootCte AS (
    SELECT  COALESCE(oa.folio, c.folio) AS rootFolio 
    FROM    (SELECT     *,
                        ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY [level] DESC) Rn
                FROM    cte ) c
             OUTER APPLY (SELECT folio FROM invoice i WHERE i.invoicenumber = c.parentinvoice) oa
    WHERE    c.Rn = 1
),
-- get all children of root folio
fullTree AS (
    SELECT  i.folio,
            i.invoicenumber
    FROM    rootCte r
            JOIN invoice i ON r.rootFolio = i.folio
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT  i.folio,
            i.invoicenumber
    FROM    fullTree ft
            JOIN invoice_relation ir ON ir.parentinvoice = ft.invoicenumber
            JOIN invoice i ON ir.invoice = i.invoicenumber
)
-- search for invoice
SELECT  * 
FROM    fullTree
WHERE   invoicenumber = @invoice