在python中,如何扫描具有一个长行的文本文件并将项目分成不同的列？

Question

我有一个看起来像这样的文本文件:

“Distance 1: Distance XY” 1 2 4 5 9  “Distance 2: Distance XY”  3 6 8 10 5  “Distance 3: Distance XY”  88 45 36 12 4   

这一切都在一条大线上.我的问题是我如何采取这个并分开距离测量,以使线看起来更像这样:

“Distance 1: Distance XY” 1 2 4 5 9  
“Distance 2: Distance XY”  3 6 8 10 5  
“Distance 3: Distance XY”  88 45 36 12 4  

我想这样做,为每个距离测量制作一本字典.

Answer 1

您可以使用re.split正则表达式拆分字符串:

import re
s = '\"Distance 1: Distance XY\" 1 2 4 5 9  \"Distance 2: Distance XY\"  3 6 8 10 5  \"Distance 3: Distance XY\"  88 45 36 12 4'

re.split(r'(?<=\d)\s+(?=\")', s)

# ['"Distance 1: Distance XY" 1 2 4 5 9',
#  '"Distance 2: Distance XY"  3 6 8 10 5',
#  '"Distance 3: Distance XY"  88 45 36 12 4']

(?<=\d)\s+(?=\") 将分隔符约束为数字和引号之间的空格.

如果它是文本文件中的\"智能引号,请替换为智能引号,选项+ [在mac上,请在此处查看Windows:

with open("test.txt", 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        print(re.split(r'(?<=\d)\s+(?=“)', line.rstrip("\n")))

# ['“Distance 1: Distance XY” 1 2 4 5 9', '“Distance 2: Distance XY”  3 6 8 10 5', '“Distance 3: Distance XY”  88 45 36 12 4']

或者使用unicode作为左侧智能引号\u201C:

with open("test.csv", 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        print(re.split(r'(?<=\d)\s+(?=\u201C)', line.rstrip("\n")))

# ['“Distance 1: Distance XY” 1 2 4 5 9', '“Distance 2: Distance XY”  3 6 8 10 5', '“Distance 3: Distance XY”  88 45 36 12 4']