ImportError:没有名为google.protobuf的模块

Question

我正在遵循本指南(https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/pythontutorial)并使用addressbook.proto的确切示例.

发布编译器生成的addressbook_pb2.py文件的内容.当我运行以下简单程序时,有错误说,找不到google.protobuf,任何想法如何解决这个问题？谢谢.

顺便说一句,在Mac OSX上使用Python 2.7.

from addressbook_pb2 import Person

p = Person()
p.email = "abc"

print p.email

这是自动生成的文件addressbook_pb2.py,

# Generated by the protocol buffer compiler.  DO NOT EDIT!
# source: addressbook.proto

import sys
_b=sys.version_info[0]<3 and (lambda x:x) or (lambda x:x.encode('latin1'))
from google.protobuf import descriptor as _descriptor
from google.protobuf import message as _message
from google.protobuf import reflection as _reflection
from google.protobuf import symbol_database as _symbol_database
from google.protobuf import descriptor_pb2
# @@protoc_insertion_point(imports)

_sym_db = _symbol_database.Default()




DESCRIPTOR = _descriptor.FileDescriptor(
  name='addressbook.proto',
  package='tutorial',
  syntax='proto2',
  serialized_pb=_b('\n\x11\x61\x64\x64ressbook.proto\x12\x08tutorial\"\xda\x01\n\x06Person\x12\x0c\n\x04name\x18\x01 \x02(\t\x12\n\n\x02id\x18\x02 \x02(\x05\x12\r\n\x05\x65mail\x18\x03 \x01(\t\x12+\n\x05phone\x18\x04 \x03(\x0b\x32\x1c.tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber\x1aM\n\x0bPhoneNumber\x12\x0e\n\x06number\x18\x01 \x02(\t\x12.\n\x04type\x18\x02 \x01(\x0e\x32\x1a.tutorial.Person.PhoneType:\x04HOME\"+\n\tPhoneType\x12\n\n\x06MOBILE\x10\x00\x12\x08\n\x04HOME\x10\x01\x12\x08\n\x04WORK\x10\x02\"/\n\x0b\x41\x64\x64ressBook\x12 \n\x06person\x18\x01 \x03(\x0b\x32\x10.tutorial.Person')
)
_sym_db.RegisterFileDescriptor(DESCRIPTOR)



_PERSON_PHONETYPE = _descriptor.EnumDescriptor(
  name='PhoneType',
  full_name='tutorial.Person.PhoneType',
  filename=None,
  file=DESCRIPTOR,
  values=[
    _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor(
      name='MOBILE', index=0, number=0,
      options=None,
      type=None),
    _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor(
      name='HOME', index=1, number=1,
      options=None,
      type=None),
    _descriptor.EnumValueDescriptor(
      name='WORK', index=2, number=2,
      options=None,
      type=None),
  ],
  containing_type=None,
  options=None,
  serialized_start=207,
  serialized_end=250,
)
_sym_db.RegisterEnumDescriptor(_PERSON_PHONETYPE)


_PERSON_PHONENUMBER = _descriptor.Descriptor(
  name='PhoneNumber',
  full_name='tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber',
  filename=None,
  file=DESCRIPTOR,
  containing_type=None,
  fields=[
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='number', full_name='tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber.number', index=0,
      number=1, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=2,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=_b("").decode('utf-8'),
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='type', full_name='tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber.type', index=1,
      number=2, type=14, cpp_type=8, label=1,
      has_default_value=True, default_value=1,
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
  ],
  extensions=[
  ],
  nested_types=[],
  enum_types=[
  ],
  options=None,
  is_extendable=False,
  syntax='proto2',
  extension_ranges=[],
  oneofs=[
  ],
  serialized_start=128,
  serialized_end=205,
)

_PERSON = _descriptor.Descriptor(
  name='Person',
  full_name='tutorial.Person',
  filename=None,
  file=DESCRIPTOR,
  containing_type=None,
  fields=[
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='name', full_name='tutorial.Person.name', index=0,
      number=1, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=2,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=_b("").decode('utf-8'),
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='id', full_name='tutorial.Person.id', index=1,
      number=2, type=5, cpp_type=1, label=2,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=0,
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='email', full_name='tutorial.Person.email', index=2,
      number=3, type=9, cpp_type=9, label=1,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=_b("").decode('utf-8'),
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='phone', full_name='tutorial.Person.phone', index=3,
      number=4, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=3,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=[],
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
  ],
  extensions=[
  ],
  nested_types=[_PERSON_PHONENUMBER, ],
  enum_types=[
    _PERSON_PHONETYPE,
  ],
  options=None,
  is_extendable=False,
  syntax='proto2',
  extension_ranges=[],
  oneofs=[
  ],
  serialized_start=32,
  serialized_end=250,
)


_ADDRESSBOOK = _descriptor.Descriptor(
  name='AddressBook',
  full_name='tutorial.AddressBook',
  filename=None,
  file=DESCRIPTOR,
  containing_type=None,
  fields=[
    _descriptor.FieldDescriptor(
      name='person', full_name='tutorial.AddressBook.person', index=0,
      number=1, type=11, cpp_type=10, label=3,
      has_default_value=False, default_value=[],
      message_type=None, enum_type=None, containing_type=None,
      is_extension=False, extension_scope=None,
      options=None),
  ],
  extensions=[
  ],
  nested_types=[],
  enum_types=[
  ],
  options=None,
  is_extendable=False,
  syntax='proto2',
  extension_ranges=[],
  oneofs=[
  ],
  serialized_start=252,
  serialized_end=299,
)

_PERSON_PHONENUMBER.fields_by_name['type'].enum_type = _PERSON_PHONETYPE
_PERSON_PHONENUMBER.containing_type = _PERSON
_PERSON.fields_by_name['phone'].message_type = _PERSON_PHONENUMBER
_PERSON_PHONETYPE.containing_type = _PERSON
_ADDRESSBOOK.fields_by_name['person'].message_type = _PERSON
DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name['Person'] = _PERSON
DESCRIPTOR.message_types_by_name['AddressBook'] = _ADDRESSBOOK

Person = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('Person', (_message.Message,), dict(

  PhoneNumber = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('PhoneNumber', (_message.Message,), dict(
    DESCRIPTOR = _PERSON_PHONENUMBER,
    __module__ = 'addressbook_pb2'
    # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.Person.PhoneNumber)
    ))
  ,
  DESCRIPTOR = _PERSON,
  __module__ = 'addressbook_pb2'
  # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.Person)
  ))
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(Person)
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(Person.PhoneNumber)

AddressBook = _reflection.GeneratedProtocolMessageType('AddressBook', (_message.Message,), dict(
  DESCRIPTOR = _ADDRESSBOOK,
  __module__ = 'addressbook_pb2'
  # @@protoc_insertion_point(class_scope:tutorial.AddressBook)
  ))
_sym_db.RegisterMessage(AddressBook)


# @@protoc_insertion_point(module_scope)

编辑1,

试过pip install protobuf,遇到以下错误,

Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): protobuf in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.9 in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.10.0-py2.7.egg (from protobuf)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from protobuf)

这是python版本的输出,

python -V
Python 2.7.11 :: Continuum Analytics, Inc.

**编辑2**

发布确切的错误消息,

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pydev/pydevd.py", line 1531, in <module>
    globals = debugger.run(setup['file'], None, None, is_module)
  File "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pydev/pydevd.py", line 938, in run
    pydev_imports.execfile(file, globals, locals)  # execute the script
  File "/Users/foo/personal/featureExtraction/protobuf_test.py", line 1, in <module>
    from addressbook_pb2 import Person
  File "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_monkey_qt.py", line 71, in patched_import
    return original_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Users/foo/personal/featureExtraction/addressbook_pb2.py", line 6, in <module>
    from google.protobuf import descriptor as _descriptor
  File "/Applications/PyCharm CE.app/Contents/helpers/pydev/_pydev_bundle/pydev_monkey_qt.py", line 71, in patched_import
    return original_import(name, *args, **kwargs)
ImportError: No module named google.protobuf

编辑3,

错误信息时import google,

编辑4,

输出which pip,

which pip
/Users/foo/miniconda2/bin/pip

输出sys.executable,

/用户/富/蟒蛇/斌/蟒蛇

编辑5,

foo-mn1:featureExtraction foo$ sudo /Users/foo/miniconda2/bin/pip install protobuf
Password:
The directory '/Users/foo/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/foo/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): protobuf in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.9 in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.10.0-py2.7.egg (from protobuf)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): setuptools in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from protobuf)
foo-mn1:featureExtraction foo$ sudo /Users/foo/miniconda2/bin/pip install google
The directory '/Users/foo/Library/Caches/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/Users/foo/Library/Caches/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): google in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): beautifulsoup4 in /Users/foo/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages (from google)

Answer 1

你应该运行:

pip install protobuf

这将安装Google protobuf,之后您可以运行该Python脚本.

根据这个链接.

Answer 2

有同样的问题,我通过使用:

conda install protobuf

Answer 3

我也有这个问题，研究了很久。在python 3+上似乎没有这样的问题。问题实际上出在 google.protobuf 上

解决方案1：

pip uninstall protobuf
pip uninstall google
pip install google
pip install protobuf
pip install google-cloud

解决方案2：

__init__.py在“google”文件夹中创建一个。

cd /path/to/your/env/lib/python2.7/site-packages/google
touch __init__.py

希望它会起作用。

Answer 4

这样做的原因大多是邪恶命令pip install google.我面临的问题google-cloud是同样的步骤也是如此,protobuf因为protobuf也安装在google > protobuf命名空间中.

如果你像我一样执行了这个命令那么你在正确的位置实际google包不是谷歌所拥有的,可以通过命令pip show google输出确认,其中应该有点如下

 Name: google
 Version: 1.9.3
 Summary: Python bindings to the Google search engine.
 Home-page: http://breakingcode.wordpress.com/
 Author: Mario Vilas
 Author-email: mvilas@gmail.com
 License: UNKNOWN
 Location: <Path where this package is installed>
 Requires: beautifulsoup4

因此,由于上面的google命名空间是为这个包保留的,巧合的是google-cloud也期望命名空间google > cloud,它会导致这两个包的命名空间冲突.

请参阅下面的截图命名空间google-protobufasgoogle > protobuf

解决方案: - google需要卸载非官方软件包,可以pip uninstall google在此之后使用,您可以google-cloud使用pip install google-cloud或protobuf使用重新安装pip install protobuf

FootNotes: - 假设您google错误地安装了非官方软件包,并且实际上并不需要它和google-cloud软件包一起使用.如果您需要非官方google和google-cloud以上解决方案将无法正常工作.

如果这解决了您的特定问题,请与我们联系.

Answer 5

在Mac OS上 - 安装tensorflow 1.3 - 它将自动删除其他protobuf安装并安装protobuf 3.4.但是,这不起作用,也不会安装或降级到任何其他protobuf版本.

但是我找到了解决方案.不知道为什么会这样 - 但在Mac OS上,这解决了它.

pip install google

Answer 6

当pip告诉你你已经拥有protobuf,但PyCharm(或其他)告诉你你没有它时,这意味着pip和PyCharm正在使用不同的Python解释器.这是一个非常常见的问题,特别是在Mac上,没有标准的Python包管理.

完全消除此类问题的最佳方法是使用virtualenv每个Python项目,该项目本质上是Python包和环境变量设置的目录,用于将项目的Python环境与其他所有内容隔离开来.

virtualenv像这样为你的项目创建一个:

cd project
virtualenv --distribute virtualenv -p /path/to/python/executable

这将创建一个virtualenv在项目中调用的目录.(确保配置VCS(例如Git)忽略此目录.)

要在此安装软件包virtualenv,您需要激活环境变量设置:

. virtualenv/bin/activate

通过运行验证pip将在其中使用正确的Python可执行文件.它应该告诉你使用的Python库路径,它应该在里面.virtualenvpip -Vvirtualenv

现在您可以像以前一样使用pip安装protobuf.

最后,您需要让PyCharm使用它virtualenv而不是系统库.在项目设置的某处,您可以为项目配置解释器,在其中选择Python可执行文件virtualenv.

Answer 7

安装protobuf：

pip install protobuf

然后像这样导入它：

import google.protobuf