有没有办法在 R 中自动选择 GAM 的变量,类似于步骤?我已经阅读了step.gam和的文档selection.gam,但我还没有看到有效代码的答案。此外,我尝试过method= "REML"和select = TRUE,但都没有从模型中删除无关紧要的变量。
我的理论是我可以创建一个步骤模型,然后使用这些变量来创建 GAM,但这在计算上似乎并不高效。
例子:
library(mgcv)
set.seed(0)
dat <- data.frame(rsp = rnorm(100, 0, 1),
pred1 = rnorm(100, 10, 1),
pred2 = rnorm(100, 0, 1),
pred3 = rnorm(100, 0, 1),
pred4 = rnorm(100, 0, 1))
model <- gam(rsp ~ s(pred1) + s(pred2) + s(pred3) + s(pred4),
data = dat, method = "REML", select = TRUE)
summary(model)
#Family: gaussian
#Link function: identity
#Formula:
#rsp ~ s(pred1) + s(pred2) + s(pred3) + s(pred4)
#Parametric coefficients:
# Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
#(Intercept) 0.02267 0.08426 0.269 0.788
#Approximate significance of smooth terms:
# edf Ref.df F p-value
#s(pred1) 0.8770 9 0.212 0.1174
#s(pred2) 1.8613 9 0.638 0.0374 *
#s(pred3) 0.5439 9 0.133 0.1406
#s(pred4) 0.4504 9 0.091 0.1775
---
#Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
#R-sq.(adj) = 0.0887 Deviance explained = 12.3%
#-REML = 129.06 Scale est. = 0.70996 n = 100
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Marra 和 Wood (2011, Computational Statistics and Data Analysis 55; 2372-2387) 比较了 GAM 中特征选择的各种方法。他们得出结论,平滑度选择过程中的附加惩罚项给出了最好的结果。这可以通过使用select = TRUE参数/设置或以下任何变体在 mgcv::gam() 中激活:
model <- gam(rsp ~ s(pred1,bs="ts") + s(pred2,bs="ts") + s(pred3,bs="ts") + s(pred4,bs="ts"), data = dat, method = "REML")
model <- gam(rsp ~ s(pred1,bs="cr") + s(pred2,bs="cr") + s(pred3,bs="cr") + s(pred4,bs="cr"),
data = dat, method = "REML",select=T)
model <- gam(rsp ~ s(pred1,bs="cc") + s(pred2,bs="cc") + s(pred3,bs="cc") + s(pred4,bs="cc"),
data = dat, method = "REML")
model <- gam(rsp ~ s(pred1,bs="tp") + s(pred2,bs="tp") + s(pred3,bs="tp") + s(pred4,bs="tp"), data = dat, method = "REML")
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