为什么Windows上的Vim使用\n进行搜索？

Question

所以我正在改变代码

foo()
{

至

foo() {

而且我注意到搜索模式需要我搜索\n,但是当我尝试用\n我的^@角色替换它时,我不得不替换为\r.

我觉得很奇怪,我搜索\n并替换\r,任何想法为什么会这样？

作为参考我的解决方案是 :%s/\n\s*{/ {\r/g

Answer 1

搜索部分和替换部分的语法是任意不同的.一些相同的代码被重复用于表示不同的东西.是的,这令人困惑.

    | How to type         | In search, means:       | In replacement, means:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
\n  | \n                  | End-of-line             | <Nul> 0x0
^@  | CTRL-V CTRL-J       | <Nul> 0x0               | <Nul> 0x0
\r  | \r                  | Carriage return 0xD     | "Break the line here"
^M  | CTRL-Enter          | Carriage return 0xD     | "Break the line here"
\^M | \ CTRL-V CTRL-ENTER | \ + carriage return 0xD | Carriage return 0xD

在搜索时,根据您的平台,0xD可能会被隐藏,被视为"换行符"的一部分,所以是的...您可以始终将完整性恢复到您的文件并通过打开文件并执行以下操作强制显示所有回车:

:e ++ff=unix

同样,在更换时,"在这里打破线"根据您的平台做不同的事情.它可能插入0xA或0xD 0xA等.

如果这还不够糟糕:

Technical detail:               *NL-used-for-Nul*
<Nul> characters in the file are stored as <NL> in memory.  In the display
they are shown as "^@".  The translation is done when reading and writing
files.  To match a <Nul> with a search pattern you can just enter CTRL-@ or
"CTRL-V 000".  This is probably just what you expect.  Internally the
character is replaced with a <NL> in the search pattern.  What is unusual is
that typing CTRL-V CTRL-J also inserts a <NL>, thus also searches for a <Nul>
in the file.  {Vi cannot handle <Nul> characters in the file at all}

                        *CR-used-for-NL*
When 'fileformat' is "mac", <NL> characters in the file are stored as <CR>
characters internally.  In the text they are shown as "^J".  Otherwise this
works similar to the usage of <NL> for a <Nul>.

When working with expression evaluation, a <NL> character in the pattern
matches a <NL> in the string.  The use of "\n" (backslash n) to match a <NL>
doesn't work there, it only works to match text in the buffer.

除非处理文字0x0或0xD字符,否则总是坚持\n用于搜索和\r替换的经验,正如你可能已经想到的那样.

也可以看看:

:h /\n
:h /\r
:h s/\n
:h s/\r
:h s/\<CR>