PHP中的$ str ==''和strlen($ str)== 0之间有区别吗？

Question

正如标题所说:PHP中的$ str ==''和strlen($ str)== 0之间有区别吗？有没有真正的速度差异,并且比另一个更好用？

Answer 1

我发现只做“ if（！$ str）”就更清楚了..不确定'=='而是'！' 应该能够产生更好的优化技术，因为从来没有进行过类型转换，并且对于字符串，数组，布尔值，数字是安全的...

Answer 2

是的,有一个重要的区别.==运算符进行类型转换,因此并不总是按照预期执行.例如,(0 =="")返回true.所以你假设$ str实际上是一个字符串.如果你确定是这种情况,或者如果你不关心转换,那就没关系.否则你应该使用===,并采取措施确保你正在比较字符串.

Answer 3

主要区别在于$ str ==''将返回true,表示等同于空字符串(0和false 等).

您应该使用===运算符来测试实际的空字符串,或者,如果您不介意转换和测试行为,只需使用!$ str(也可以考虑empty(),具体取决于实际意图),我觉得它的意图比$ x ==''更清楚(他是否错过了一个=符号并且实际上想要测试一个空字符串？)

只有当你真正追求字符串的长度时才使用strlen($ str).

底线,使用适当的工具,根据代码的意图判断哪个工具是正确的.

vinko@parrot:~$ cat emptytest.php
<?php
$a = "";
$b = 0;
$c = false;
$d = "Hi!";

function is_empty1($x) { return $x == ''; }
function is_empty2($x) { return strlen($x) == 0; }
function is_empty3($x) { return $x === ''; }

function check_empty($arr) {
        foreach ($arr as $v) {
                echo "value is ";
                var_dump($v);
                echo "   \$x == ''      ";
                var_dump(is_empty1($v));
                echo "   strlen($x) == 0 ";
                var_dump(is_empty2($v));
                echo "   \$x === ''     ";
                var_dump(is_empty3($v));
        }
}

check_empty(array($a,$b,$c,$d));

?>
vinko@parrot:~$ php emptytest.php
value is string(0) ""
   $x == ''      bool(true)
   strlen() == 0 bool(true)
   $x === ''     bool(true)
value is int(0)
   $x == ''      bool(true)
   strlen() == 0 bool(false)
   $x === ''     bool(false)
value is bool(false)
   $x == ''      bool(true)
   strlen() == 0 bool(true)
   $x === ''     bool(false)
value is string(3) "Hi!"
   $x == ''      bool(false)
   strlen() == 0 bool(false)
   $x === ''     bool(false)

Answer 4

我执行了简单的基准测试.(我从来没有做过,所以这可能完全无效.)它测试=='',strlen()== 0,===''和strlen()=== 0.

header('Content-type: text/plain');

// -- Testing == '';

$string = '';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    $string == '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = ''; \$string == ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    $string == '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = '$string'; \$string == ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    '' == '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "'' == ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

// -- Testing strlen() == 0;

$string = '';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen($string) == 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = ''; strlen(\$string) == 0; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen($string) == 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = '$string'; strlen(\$string) == 0; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen('') == 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "strlen('') == ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

// -- Testing === '';

$string = '';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    $string === '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = ''; \$string === ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    $string === '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = '$string'; \$string === ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    '' === '';
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "'' === ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

// -- Testing strlen() === 0;

$string = '';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen($string) === 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = ''; strlen(\$string) === 0; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa';

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen($string) === 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "\$string = '$string'; strlen(\$string) === 0; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

$startTime = microtime(true);
for($i = 0; $i < 10000000; ++$i)
    strlen('') === 0;
$endTime = microtime(true);
echo "strlen('') === ''; took " . ($endTime - $startTime) . " seconds\n";

结果:

$string = ''; $string == ''; took 1.01983308792 seconds
$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'; $string == ''; took 1.04193401337 seconds
'' == ''; took 1.06608295441 seconds
$string = ''; strlen($string) == 0; took 2.1510848999 seconds
$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'; strlen($string) == 0; took 2.27101397514 seconds
strlen('') == ''; took 2.5775551796 seconds
$string = ''; $string === ''; took 0.854554176331 seconds
$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'; $string === ''; took 0.714010000229 seconds
'' === ''; took 0.749495983124 seconds
$string = ''; strlen($string) === 0; took 1.9263010025 seconds
$string = 'aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa'; strlen($string) === 0; took 1.95309996605 seconds
strlen('') === ''; took 2.40874910355 seconds

如您所见,与''的比较速度大约是比较字符串长度的两倍.另外,使用===比使用==略快,而且它的类型安全!尼斯.