Android上的Mockito,Context.getString(id)和NullPointerException

Question

我刚刚开始学习Mockito测试框架,我遵循了以下官方教程:developer.android.com

代码是:

private static final String FAKE_STRING = "HELLO WORLD";

@Mock
Context mMockContext;

@Test
public void readStringFromContext_LocalizedString() {
    // Given a mocked Context injected into the object under test...
    when(mMockContext.getString(R.string.hello_world))
            .thenReturn(FAKE_STRING);
    ClassUnderTest myObjectUnderTest = new ClassUnderTest(mMockContext);

    // ...when the string is returned from the object under test...
    String result = myObjectUnderTest.getHelloWorldString();

    // ...then the result should be the expected one.
    assertThat(result, is(FAKE_STRING));
}

我写了以下ClassUnderTest:

public class ClassUnderTest {

private Context context;

public ClassUnderTest(Context context)
{
    this.context=context;
}

public String getHelloWorldString()
{
    return context.getString(R.string.hello_world);
}

}

并在运行后我得到NullPointerException:

    java.lang.NullPointerException
at android.content.Context.getHelloWorldString(Context.java:293)
at com.darekk.draggablelistview.unit_tests.MockitoTest.readStringFromContext_LocalizedString(MockitoTest.java:46)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.mockito.internal.runners.JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.run(JUnit45AndHigherRunnerImpl.java:37)
at org.mockito.runners.MockitoJUnitRunner.run(MockitoJUnitRunner.java:62)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:128)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.runChild(Suite.java:27)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:115)
at android.support.test.internal.runner.TestExecutor.execute(TestExecutor.java:59)
at android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner.onStart(AndroidJUnitRunner.java:262)
at android.app.Instrumentation$InstrumentationThread.run(Instrumentation.java:1619)

当我用自己的类替换android Context时,它可以工作.

平台:IntelliJ IDEA社区版15.0.6

我非常感谢任何帮助.

Answer 1

此代码应该是您测试的第一行:

doReturn("Sample Hello world string")
            .when(mMockContext)
            .getString(any(Integer.class));

需要一种方法的存根

Answer 2

看来您正在使用developer.android.com中的确切代码。显然他们发布了一个不完整的示例..将此方法添加到您的测试中：

@Before
public void setup(){
   MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
}

如需进一步参考，请查看Mockito 的文档