如何使用Python格式化带有三引号的多行字符串？

Question

我在网上找不到这个,但基本上我有这样的字符串:

s = "name={0},
address={1},
nickname={2},
age={3},
comments=
"""
{4}
"""
"

我需要使用如下变量格式化此字符串:

s.format("alice", "N/A", "alice", 18, "missing person")

我无法更改那里的三重引号,因为将使用我的字符串的程序期望,否则将无法工作.

如何正确声明/转义此字符串？

Answer 1

您可以对字符串使用三重单引号：

s = '''name={0},
address={1},
nickname={2},
age={3},
comments=
"""
{4}
"""
'''

print s.format("alice", "N/A", "alice", 18, "missing person")

输出：

name=alice,
address=N/A,
nickname=alice,
age=18,
comments=
"""
missing person
"""

Answer 2

您可以使用以下方法转义字符串中的三引号,就像转义任何其他引号字符一样\:

s = """name={0},
address={1},
nickname={2},
age={3},
comments=
\"\"\"
{4}
\"\"\"
"""

严格来说,你只需要逃避一个对的"角色---足以阻止三"""出现---但我觉得逃避所有三个使我的意图更加清晰.

后来...

sf = s.format("alice", "N/A", "alice", 18, "missing person")
print(sf)
print('----')
print(repr(sf))

...生产:

name=alice,
address=N/A,
nickname=alice,
age=18,
comments=
"""
missing person
"""

----
'name=alice,\naddress=N/A,\nnickname=alice,\nage=18,\ncomments=\n"""\nmissing person\n"""\n'

niemmi的答案有效,但前提是你在字符串中没有混合'''和"""三重引号.使用反斜杠转义引号字符始终有效.

烦恼#1:尾随换行符

我打印了一行破折号以突出显示s保留了最后三个转义引号字符和实际结束字符串的三重引号之间的换行符.要从文字中删除它:

s = """[as before...]
\"\"\"
{4}
\"\"\""""

烦恼#2:文字中保留的缩进

s文字的第二行和后续行必须与第一(左)列齐平.三引号字符串整齐地排列在缩进块内:

def indents_appear_in_string_literal():
    # This looks good but doesn't work right.
    s = """name={0},
    address={1},
    nickname={2},
    age={3},
    comments=
    \"\"\"
    {4}
    \"\"\"
    """
    sf = s.format("alice", "N/A", "alice", 18, "missing person")
    print(sf)
    print('----')
    print(repr(sf))
    return

...将保留字面内的缩进:

name=alice,
    address=N/A,
    nickname=alice,
    age=18,
    comments=
    """
    missing person
    """

----
'name=alice,\n    address=N/A,\n    nickname=alice,\n    age=18,\n    comments=\n    """\n    missing person\n    """\n    '