对于具有看似随机错误的所有URL,Selenium测试失败

Question

我正在使用Ubuntu 16.04.我在虚拟环境中设置了Django 1.9.7和selenium 2.53.5.

我正在关注Harry JW Percival的书"使用Python进行测试驱动开发",我目前正在第4章中进行功能测试的第一个教程("使用Selenium测试用户交互").代码如下

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
import unittest

class NewVisitorTest(unittest.TestCase):

     def setUp(self):
        self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
        self.browser.implicitly_wait(3)

    def tearDown(self):
        self.browser.quit()

    def test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later(self):
        # Edith has heard about a cool new online to-do app. She goes to check out its homepage
        self.browser.get('http://localhost:8000')

        # She notices the page title and header mention to-do lists
        self.assertIn('To-Do', self.browser.title)
        header_text = self.browser.find_element_by_tag_name('h1').text
        self.assertIn('To-Do', header_text)

        # She is invited to enter a to-do item straight away
        inputbox = self.browser.find_element_by_id('id_new_item')
        self.assertEqual(
            inputbox.get_attribute('placeholder'),
            'Enter a to-do item'
        )

        # She types "Buy peacock feathers" into a text box (Edith's hobby is tying fly-fishing lures)
        inputbox.send_keys('Buy peacock feathers')

        # When she hits enter, the page updates, and now the page lists "1: Buy peacock feathers" as an item in a to-do list
        inputbox.send_keys(Keys.ENTER)

        table = self.browser.find_element_by_id('id_list_table')
        rows = table.find_elements_by_tag_name('tr')
        self.assertTrue(
            any(row.text == '1: Buy peacock feathers' for row in rows)
        )

        # There is still a text box inviting her to add another item. She enters "Use peacock feathers to make a fly" (Edith is very methodical)
        self.fail('Finish the test!')

        # The page updates again, and now shows both items on her list

        # Edith wonders whether the site will remember her list. Then she sees that the site has generated a unique URL for her -- there is some explanatory text to that effect.

        # She visits that URL - her to-do list is still there.

        # Satisfied, she goes back to sleep

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(warnings='ignore')

现在,在启动Django服务器之后,如果我运行selenium脚本 python3 functional_tests.py,我会得到看似随机的错误报告,其中有一堆回溯,其中三个在下面给出

E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later (__main__.NewVisitorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "functional_tests.py", line 8, in setUp
    self.browser = webdriver.Firefox()
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/webdriver.py", line 81, in __init__
    self.binary, timeout)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/extension_connection.py", line 51, in __init__
    self.binary.launch_browser(self.profile, timeout=timeout)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 68, in launch_browser
    self._wait_until_connectable(timeout=timeout)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/firefox/firefox_binary.py", line 98, in _wait_until_connectable
    raise WebDriverException("The browser appears to have exited "
selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: The browser appears to have exited before we could connect. If you specified a log_file in the FirefoxBinary constructor, check it for details.


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 3.081s

FAILED (errors=1)

要么

E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later (__main__.NewVisitorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "functional_tests.py", line 9, in setUp
    self.browser.implicitly_wait(3)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 689, in implicitly_wait
    self.execute(Command.IMPLICIT_WAIT, {'ms': float(time_to_wait) * 1000})
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 234, in execute
    response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 401, in execute
    return self._request(command_info[0], url, body=data)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 432, in _request
    resp = self._conn.getresponse()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1197, in getresponse
    response.begin()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 297, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 266, in _read_status
    raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
http.client.RemoteDisconnected: Remote end closed connection without response

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 2.437s

FAILED (errors=1)

要么

E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later (__main__.NewVisitorTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "functional_tests.py", line 20, in test_can_start_a_list_and_retrieve_it_later
    header_text = self.browser.find_element_by_tag_name('h1').text
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 389, in find_element_by_tag_name
    return self.find_element(by=By.TAG_NAME, value=name)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 745, in find_element
    {'using': by, 'value': value})['value']
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 234, in execute
    response = self.command_executor.execute(driver_command, params)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 401, in execute
    return self._request(command_info[0], url, body=data)
  File "/home/adipanda/.virtualenvs/goat/lib/python3.5/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/remote_connection.py", line 432, in _request
    resp = self._conn.getresponse()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1197, in getresponse
    response.begin()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 297, in begin
    version, status, reason = self._read_status()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 266, in _read_status
    raise RemoteDisconnected("Remote end closed connection without"
http.client.RemoteDisconnected: Remote end closed connection without response

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 3.693s

即使在这些错误发生之前,Remote end closed connection如果再次执行命令,selenium将随机显示然后无错误工作,而不会更改代码.

有人能解释一下发生了什么吗？

Answer 1

简单的答案是您必须将 Firefox 降级到 46 或安装 Marionette Web 驱动程序。我也遇到过类似的问题。

请参阅以下问题的评分最高的答案。

Firefox 更新后无法使用 Selenium 打开浏览器