如何在Django Rest框架模型中创建created_by字段？

Question

我想在Django rest框架模型中创建created_by字段。

它应该包含当前登录用户的user_id，并且应该这样，以便我在POST请求期间不需要以JSON格式发送它，应该从请求本身获取它，如何使用django rest框架序列化程序实现它。

models.py文件：

class Company(models.Model):
    """Company model for information about company."""

    created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, null= True, blank= True, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    company_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)

serializers.py文件：

class CompanySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""Serializer for companies."""

    class Meta:
        model = Company
        fields = ('id', 'created_by', 'company_name')

v1.py文件：

class CompanyList(APIView):
"""Get and post companies data."""

    def get(self, request, format=None):
        """Get companies data.."""
        companies = Company.objects.all()
        serialized_companies = CompanySerializer(companies, many=True)
        return Response(serialized_companies.data)

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        """Post companies data."""
        serializer = CompanySerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

Answer 1

方法1：使用CurrentUserDefault()选项

您可以default在created_by字段中传递参数，serializers.CurrentUserDefault()该参数会将其值设置为当前用户。

class CompanySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""Serializer for companies."""

    class Meta:
        model = Company
        fields = ('id', 'created_by', 'company_name')
        extra_kwargs = {'created_by': {'default': serializers.CurrentUserDefault()}}

方法2：传递user中serializer.save()

您可以将字段设置created_by为read_only，然后传递request.user到serializer.save()。

serializers.py

class CompanySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
"""Serializer for companies."""

    class Meta:
        model = Company
        fields = ('id', 'created_by', 'company_name')
        extra_kwargs = {'created_by': {'read_only':True}}

v1.py

class CompanyList(APIView):
"""Get and post companies data."""

    def post(self, request, format=None):
        """Post companies data."""
        serializer = CompanySerializer(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save(created_by=request.user) # pass current user
            return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)