使用base64编码图像文件

Question

我想使用base64模块将图像编码为字符串.我遇到了一个问题.如何指定要编码的图像？我尝试将目录用于图像,但这只会导致编码目录.我想要对实际的图像文件进行编码.

编辑

我试过这个片段:

with open("C:\Python26\seriph1.BMP", "rb") as f:
    data12 = f.read()
    UU = data12.encode("base64")
    UUU = base64.b64decode(UU)

    print UUU

    self.image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(UUU))

但是我收到以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 245, in run_nodebug
  File "C:\Python26\GUI1.2.9.py", line 473, in <module>
    app = simpleapp_tk(None)
  File "C:\Python26\GUI1.2.9.py", line 14, in __init__
    self.initialize()
  File "C:\Python26\GUI1.2.9.py", line 431, in initialize
    self.image = ImageTk.PhotoImage(Image.open(UUU))
  File "C:\Python26\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 1952, in open
    fp = __builtin__.open(fp, "rb")
TypeError: file() argument 1 must be encoded string without NULL bytes, not str

我究竟做错了什么？

Answer 1

我不确定我理解你的问题.我假设你正在做的事情:

import base64

with open("yourfile.ext", "rb") as image_file:
    encoded_string = base64.b64encode(image_file.read())

您必须首先打开文件,并阅读其内容 - 您不能简单地将路径传递给编码功能.

编辑: 好的,这是您编辑原始问题后的更新.

首先,在Windows上使用路径分隔符时,请记住使用原始字符串(字符串前缀为'r'),以防止意外命中转义字符.其次,PIL的Image.open要么接受文件名,要么接受类似文件(即对象必须提供read,seek和tell方法).

话虽这么说,你可以使用cStringIO从内存缓冲区创建这样一个对象:

import cStringIO
import PIL.Image

# assume data contains your decoded image
file_like = cStringIO.StringIO(data)

img = PIL.Image.open(file_like)
img.show()

Answer 2

使用python 2.x,您可以使用.encode进行简单的编码:

with open("path/to/file.png", "rb") as f:
    data = f.read()
    print data.encode("base64")

Answer 3

import base64
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO

with open("image.jpg", "rb") as image_file:
    data = base64.b64encode(image_file.read())

im = Image.open(BytesIO(base64.b64decode(data)))
im.save('image1.png', 'PNG')

Answer 4

正如我在上一个问题中所说,没有必要对字符串进行base64编码,它只会使程序变慢.只需使用repr

>>> with open("images/image.gif", "rb") as fin:
...  image_data=fin.read()
...
>>> with open("image.py","wb") as fout:
...  fout.write("image_data="+repr(image_data))
...

现在,图像存储为image_data名为image.py Start a fresh interpreter 的文件中调用的变量,并导入image_data

>>> from image import image_data
>>>

Answer 5

借用Ivo van der Wijk和gnibbler之前开发的内容,这是一个动态的解决方案

import cStringIO
import PIL.Image

image_data = None

def imagetopy(image, output_file):
    with open(image, 'rb') as fin:
        image_data = fin.read()

    with open(output_file, 'w') as fout:
        fout.write('image_data = '+ repr(image_data))

def pytoimage(pyfile):
    pymodule = __import__(pyfile)
    img = PIL.Image.open(cStringIO.StringIO(pymodule.image_data))
    img.show()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    imagetopy('spot.png', 'wishes.py')
    pytoimage('wishes')

然后,您可以决定使用Cython编译输出图像文件以使其更酷.使用此方法,您可以将所有图形捆绑到一个模块中.

Answer 6

第一个答案将打印带有前缀b'的字符串。这意味着您的字符串将类似于b'your_string'。要解决此问题，请添加以下代码行。

encoded_string= base64.b64encode(img_file.read())
print(encoded_string.decode('utf-8'))

Answer 7

它对我有用

import base64
import requests

# Getting image in bytes
response = requests.get("image_url") 

# image encoding
encoded_image = base64.b64encode(response.content)

# image decoding and without it's won't work due to some '\xff' error
decoded_image= base64.b64decode(encoded_image)