将字典写入文本文件？

Question

我有一本字典,我正在尝试将其写入文件.

exDict = {1:1, 2:2, 3:3}
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    file.write(exDict)

然后我有错误

file.write(exDict)
TypeError: must be str, not dict

所以我修复了这个错误,但又出现了另一个错

exDict = {111:111, 222:222}
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:
    file.write(str(exDict))

错误:

file.write(str(exDict))
io.UnsupportedOperation: not writable

我不知道该怎么办,因为我还是python的初学者.如果有人知道如何解决问题,请提供答案.

注意:我使用的是python 3,而不是python 2

Answer 1

首先,您在读取模式下打开文件并尝试写入文件.咨询 - IO模式python

其次,您只能将字符串写入文件.如果要编写字典对象,则需要将其转换为字符串或序列化.

import json

# as requested in comment
exDict = {'exDict': exDict}

with open('file.txt', 'w') as file:
     file.write(json.dumps(exDict)) # use `json.loads` to do the reverse

在序列化的情况下

import cPickle as pickle

with open('file.txt', 'w') as file:
     file.write(pickle.dumps(exDict)) # use `pickle.loads` to do the reverse

Answer 2

我在python 3中这样做:

with open('myfile.txt', 'w') as f:
    print(mydictionary, file=f)

Answer 3

fout = "/your/outfile/here.txt"
fo = open(fout, "w")

for k, v in yourDictionary.items():
    fo.write(str(k) + ' >>> '+ str(v) + '\n\n')

fo.close()

Answer 4

你的第一个代码块的问题是你打开文件为'r',即使你想用它写它 'w'

with open('/Users/your/path/foo','w') as data:
    data.write(str(dictionary))

Answer 5

对于列表理解爱好者，这将key : value在新行中写入所有对dog.txt

my_dict = {'foo': [1,2], 'bar':[3,4]}

# create list of strings
list_of_strings = [ f'{key} : {my_dict[key]}' for key in my_dict ]

# write string one by one adding newline
with open('dog.txt', 'w') as my_file:
    [ my_file.write(f'{st}\n') for st in list_of_strings ]

Answer 6

如果您想要字典，则可以按名称从文件导入，并且还添加了排序合理的条目，并且包含要保留的字符串，您可以尝试以下操作：

data = {'A': 'a', 'B': 'b', }

with open('file.py','w') as file:
    file.write("dictionary_name = { \n")
    for k in sorted (data.keys()):
        file.write("'%s':'%s', \n" % (k, data[k]))
    file.write("}")

然后导入：

from file import dictionary_name