C++ - WinAPI 获取所有已连接 USB 设备的列表

Question

我正在尝试创建一个程序，该程序将对所有连接的 USB 设备及其端口 GUID 进行分类。

我找到了一个如何从连接的输入设备获取所有信息的示例：

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>

// Namespace
using namespace std;

// Main
int main()
{
    // Program
    cout << "USB Device Lister." << endl;

    // Get Number Of Devices
    UINT nDevices = 0;
    GetRawInputDeviceList(NULL, &nDevices, sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST));

    // Got Any?
    if (nDevices < 1)
    {
        // Exit
        cout << "ERR: 0 Devices?";
        cin.get();
        return 0;
    }

    // Allocate Memory For Device List
    PRAWINPUTDEVICELIST pRawInputDeviceList;
    pRawInputDeviceList = new RAWINPUTDEVICELIST[sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST) * nDevices];

    // Got Memory?
    if (pRawInputDeviceList == NULL)
    {
        // Error
        cout << "ERR: Could not allocate memory for Device List.";
        cin.get();
        return 0;
    }

    // Fill Device List Buffer
    int nResult;
    nResult = GetRawInputDeviceList(pRawInputDeviceList, &nDevices, sizeof(RAWINPUTDEVICELIST));

    // Got Device List?
    if (nResult < 0)
    {
        // Clean Up
        delete[] pRawInputDeviceList;

        // Error
        cout << "ERR: Could not get device list.";
        cin.get();
        return 0;
    }

    // Loop Through Device List
    for (UINT i = 0; i < nDevices; i++)
    {
        // Get Character Count For Device Name
        UINT nBufferSize = 0;
        nResult = GetRawInputDeviceInfo(pRawInputDeviceList[i].hDevice, // Device
            RIDI_DEVICENAME,                // Get Device Name
            NULL,                           // NO Buff, Want Count!
            &nBufferSize);                 // Char Count Here!

                                           // Got Device Name?
        if (nResult < 0)
        {
            // Error
            cout << "ERR: Unable to get Device Name character count.. Moving to next device." << endl << endl;

            // Next
            continue;
        }

        // Allocate Memory For Device Name
        WCHAR* wcDeviceName = new WCHAR[nBufferSize + 1];

        // Got Memory
        if (wcDeviceName == NULL)
        {
            // Error
            cout << "ERR: Unable to allocate memory for Device Name.. Moving to next device." << endl << endl;

            // Next
            continue;
        }

        // Get Name
        nResult = GetRawInputDeviceInfo(pRawInputDeviceList[i].hDevice, // Device
            RIDI_DEVICENAME,                // Get Device Name
            wcDeviceName,                   // Get Name!
            &nBufferSize);                 // Char Count

                                           // Got Device Name?
        if (nResult < 0)
        {
            // Error
            cout << "ERR: Unable to get Device Name.. Moving to next device." << endl << endl;

            // Clean Up
            delete[] wcDeviceName;

            // Next
            continue;
        }

        // Set Device Info & Buffer Size
        RID_DEVICE_INFO rdiDeviceInfo;
        rdiDeviceInfo.cbSize = sizeof(RID_DEVICE_INFO);
        nBufferSize = rdiDeviceInfo.cbSize;

        // Get Device Info
        nResult = GetRawInputDeviceInfo(pRawInputDeviceList[i].hDevice,
            RIDI_DEVICEINFO,
            &rdiDeviceInfo,
            &nBufferSize);

        // Got All Buffer?
        if (nResult < 0)
        {
            // Error
            cout << "ERR: Unable to read Device Info.. Moving to next device." << endl << endl;

            // Next
            continue;
        }

        // Mouse
        if (rdiDeviceInfo.dwType == RIM_TYPEMOUSE)
        {
            // Current Device
            cout << endl << "Displaying device " << i + 1 << " information. (MOUSE)" << endl;
            wcout << L"Device Name: " << wcDeviceName << endl;
            cout << "Mouse ID: " << rdiDeviceInfo.mouse.dwId << endl;
            cout << "Mouse buttons: " << rdiDeviceInfo.mouse.dwNumberOfButtons << endl;
            cout << "Mouse sample rate (Data Points): " << rdiDeviceInfo.mouse.dwSampleRate << endl;
            if (rdiDeviceInfo.mouse.fHasHorizontalWheel)
            {
                cout << "Mouse has horizontal wheel" << endl;
            }
            else
            {
                cout << "Mouse does not have horizontal wheel" << endl;
            }
        }

        // Keyboard
        else if (rdiDeviceInfo.dwType == RIM_TYPEKEYBOARD)
        {
            // Current Device
            cout << endl << "Displaying device " << i + 1 << " information. (KEYBOARD)" << endl;
            wcout << L"Device Name: " << wcDeviceName << endl;
            cout << "Keyboard mode: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwKeyboardMode << endl;
            cout << "Number of function keys: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwNumberOfFunctionKeys << endl;
            cout << "Number of indicators: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwNumberOfIndicators << endl;
            cout << "Number of keys total: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwNumberOfKeysTotal << endl;
            cout << "Type of the keyboard: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwType << endl;
            cout << "Subtype of the keyboard: " << rdiDeviceInfo.keyboard.dwSubType << endl;
        }

        // Some HID
        else // (rdi.dwType == RIM_TYPEHID)
        {
            // Current Device
            cout << endl << "Displaying device " << i + 1 << " information. (HID)" << endl;
            wcout << L"Device Name: " << wcDeviceName << endl;
            cout << "Vendor Id:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwVendorId << endl;
            cout << "Product Id:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwProductId << endl;
            cout << "Version No:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwVersionNumber << endl;
            cout << "Usage for the device: " << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.usUsage << endl;
            cout << "Usage Page for the device: " << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.usUsagePage << endl;
        }

        // Delete Name Memory!
        delete[] wcDeviceName;
    }

    // Clean Up - Free Memory
    delete[] pRawInputDeviceList;

    // Exit
    cout << endl << "Finnished.";
    cin.get();
    return 0;
}

我试图转换此代码以获取所有连接的 USB 设备，但失败了。所以我的问题是收集我正在寻找的数据的最佳方法是什么？

Answer 1

如果您需要所有 USB 设备，而不仅仅是“输入”设备，那么您需要使用与设备管理器相同的 API。

例如，可以借助该SetupDiGetClassDevs功能列出设备管理器显示的所有设备。

要列出 USB 设备，您需要使用枚举器参数设置为"USB"（枚举器是连接设备的总线，例如，对于主计算机总线，它可以是, "PCI"，也可以是提供的辅助总线通过扩展设备，例如、等）。有时您可能会发现您对子设备比 USB 连接的父设备本身更感兴趣。"PCMCIA""USB""SCSI""FTDIBUS"

Answer 2

请记住，仅像// (rdi.dwType == RIM_TYPEHID)按照以下顺序进行注释是不够的，因为它只会打印rdiDeviceInfo.hid.SOMETHING信息。如果设备不是 HID，我预计会打印一些垃圾或类似内容。

else // (rdi.dwType == RIM_TYPEHID)
        {
            // Current Device
            cout << endl << "Displaying device " << i + 1 << " information. (HID)" << endl;
            wcout << L"Device Name: " << wcDeviceName << endl;
            cout << "Vendor Id:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwVendorId << endl;
            cout << "Product Id:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwProductId << endl;
            cout << "Version No:" << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.dwVersionNumber << endl;
            cout << "Usage for the device: " << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.usUsage << endl;
            cout << "Usage Page for the device: " << rdiDeviceInfo.hid.usUsagePage << endl;
        }

我建议您添加一些日志记录和断点（以打印设备数量、打印所有设备名称等）。如果您没有解决问题，请粘贴您用于测试的代码以及准确的问题解释。

更新：

GetRawInputDeviceList 函数

评论

从此函数返回的设备是鼠标、键盘和其他人机接口设备 (HID) 设备。

如果您的设备不是 HID，则不要期望在列表中看到它。