如何反序列化XML文档

Question

如何反序列化此XML文档:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Cars>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1020</StockNumber>
    <Make>Nissan</Make>
    <Model>Sentra</Model>
  </Car>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1010</StockNumber>
    <Make>Toyota</Make>
    <Model>Corolla</Model>
  </Car>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1111</StockNumber>
    <Make>Honda</Make>
    <Model>Accord</Model>
  </Car>
</Cars>

我有这个:

[Serializable()]
public class Car
{
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("StockNumber")]
    public string StockNumber{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Make")]
    public string Make{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElementAttribute("Model")]
    public string Model{ get; set; }
}

.

[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("Cars", Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public class Cars
{
    [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Car))]
    public Car[] Car { get; set; }

}

.

public class CarSerializer
{
    public Cars Deserialize()
    {
        Cars[] cars = null;
        string path = HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.Server.MapPath("~/App_Data/") + "cars.xml";

        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cars[]));

        StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
        reader.ReadToEnd();
        cars = (Cars[])serializer.Deserialize(reader);
        reader.Close();

        return cars;
    }
}

似乎不起作用:-(

Answer 1

你如何将xml保存到文件中,并使用xsd生成C#类？

1. 将文件写入磁盘(我将其命名为foo.xml)
2. 生成xsd: xsd foo.xml
3. 生成C#: xsd foo.xsd /classes

Et voila - 和C#代码文件应该能够通过XmlSerializer以下方式读取数据:

    XmlSerializer ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cars));
    Cars cars;
    using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(path))
    {
        cars = (Cars) ser.Deserialize(reader);
    }

(包括项目中生成的foo.cs)

Answer 2

这是一个工作版本.我将XmlElementAttribute标签更改为XmlElement,因为在xml中,StockNumber,Make和Model值是元素,而不是属性.我也删除了reader.ReadToEnd(); (该函数读取整个流并返回一个字符串,因此Deserialze()函数不再使用读取器......位置位于流的末尾).我也给命名:)带来了一些自由.

以下是课程:

[Serializable()]
public class Car
{
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement("StockNumber")]
    public string StockNumber { get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement("Make")]
    public string Make { get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement("Model")]
    public string Model { get; set; }
}


[Serializable()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRoot("CarCollection")]
public class CarCollection
{
    [XmlArray("Cars")]
    [XmlArrayItem("Car", typeof(Car))]
    public Car[] Car { get; set; }
}

反序列化功能:

CarCollection cars = null;
string path = "cars.xml";

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CarCollection));

StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(path);
cars = (CarCollection)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
reader.Close();

稍微调整一下的xml(我需要添加一个新元素来包装<Cars> ... Net对于反序列化数组很挑剔):

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<CarCollection>
<Cars>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1020</StockNumber>
    <Make>Nissan</Make>
    <Model>Sentra</Model>
  </Car>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1010</StockNumber>
    <Make>Toyota</Make>
    <Model>Corolla</Model>
  </Car>
  <Car>
    <StockNumber>1111</StockNumber>
    <Make>Honda</Make>
    <Model>Accord</Model>
  </Car>
</Cars>
</CarCollection>

Answer 3

你有两种可能性.

方法1. XSD工具

假设您在此位置拥有XML文件 C:\path\to\xml\file.xml

1. 打开开发人员命令提示符
   您可以在Start Menu > Programs > Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 > Visual Studio Tools 或中找到它.如果您有Windows 8,只需在" 开始"屏幕中键入开发人员命令提示符即可
2. 通过键入将位置更改为XML文件目录 cd /D "C:\path\to\xml"
3. 通过键入来创建xml文件中的XSD文件xsd file.xml
4. 键入即可创建C#类xsd /c file.xsd

就是这样!您已从xml文件生成C#类C:\path\to\xml\file.cs

方法2 - 粘贴特殊

必需的Visual Studio 2012+

1. 将XML文件的内容复制到剪贴板
2. 添加到您的解决方案新的空类文件(Shift+ Alt+ C)
3. 打开该文件并单击菜单 Edit > Paste special > Paste XML As Classes
   

就是这样!

用法

这个助手类的用法非常简单:

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization; // Add reference: System.Web.Extensions
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace Helpers
{
    internal static class ParseHelpers
    {
        private static JavaScriptSerializer json;
        private static JavaScriptSerializer JSON { get { return json ?? (json = new JavaScriptSerializer()); } }

        public static Stream ToStream(this string @this)
        {
            var stream = new MemoryStream();
            var writer = new StreamWriter(stream);
            writer.Write(@this);
            writer.Flush();
            stream.Position = 0;
            return stream;
        }


        public static T ParseXML<T>(this string @this) where T : class
        {
            var reader = XmlReader.Create(@this.Trim().ToStream(), new XmlReaderSettings() { ConformanceLevel = ConformanceLevel.Document });
            return new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)).Deserialize(reader) as T;
        }

        public static T ParseJSON<T>(this string @this) where T : class
        {
            return JSON.Deserialize<T>(@this.Trim());
        }
    }
}

你现在要做的就是:

    public class JSONRoot
    {
        public catalog catalog { get; set; }
    }
    // ...

    string xml = File.ReadAllText(@"D:\file.xml");
    var catalog1 = xml.ParseXML<catalog>();

    string json = File.ReadAllText(@"D:\file.json");
    var catalog2 = json.ParseJSON<JSONRoot>();

Answer 4

以下代码段应该可以解决问题(您可以忽略大多数序列化属性):

public class Car
{
  public string StockNumber { get; set; }
  public string Make { get; set; }
  public string Model { get; set; }
}

[XmlRootAttribute("Cars")]
public class CarCollection
{
  [XmlElement("Car")]
  public Car[] Cars { get; set; }
}

...

using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(path))
{
  XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CarCollection));
  return (CarCollection) serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}

Answer 5

看看这是否有帮助:

[Serializable()]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute("Cars", Namespace = "", IsNullable = false)]
public class Cars
{
    [XmlArrayItem(typeof(Car))]
    public Car[] Car { get; set; }
}

.

[Serializable()]
public class Car
{
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement()]
    public string StockNumber{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement()]
    public string Make{ get; set; }

    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlElement()]
    public string Model{ get; set; }
}

并且没有使用visual studio附带的xsd.exe程序来创建基于该xml文件的模式文档,然后再次使用它来创建基于模式文档的类.

Answer 6

我不认为.net是"对反序列化数组的挑剔".第一个xml文档格式不正确.没有根元素,虽然它看起来像.规范的xml文档具有根和至少1个元素(如果有的话).在你的例子中:

<Root> <-- well, the root
  <Cars> <-- an element (not a root), it being an array
    <Car> <-- an element, it being an array item
    ...
    </Car>
  </Cars>
</Root>

Answer 7

如果您的.xml文件已在磁盘中的某个位置生成并且您已使用过,请尝试此代码块List<T>:

//deserialization

XmlSerializer xmlser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<Item>));
StreamReader srdr = new StreamReader(@"C:\serialize.xml");
List<Item> p = (List<Item>)xmlser.Deserialize(srdr);
srdr.Close();`

注意:C:\serialize.xml是我的.xml文件的路径.您可以根据需要进行更改.

Answer 8

除了事实之外,Kevin的anser很好,在现实世界中,您通常无法改变原始XML以满足您的需求.

原始XML也有一个简单的解决方案:

[XmlRoot("Cars")]
public class XmlData
{
    [XmlElement("Car")]
    public List<Car> Cars{ get; set; }
}

public class Car
{
    public string StockNumber { get; set; }
    public string Make { get; set; }
    public string Model { get; set; }
}

然后你可以简单地打电话:

var ser = new XmlSerializer(typeof(XmlData));
XmlData data = (XmlData)ser.Deserialize(XmlReader.Create(PathToCarsXml));

Answer 9

对新手而言

我发现这里的答案非常有帮助，也就是说我仍然努力（只是有点）让这个工作。因此，如果它对某人有帮助，我将详细说明工作解决方案：

来自原始问题的 XML。xml在文件Class1.xml中，path代码中使用了这个文件来定位这个xml文件。

我使用@erymski 的答案来解决这个问题，因此创建了一个名为 Car.cs 的文件并添加了以下内容：

using System.Xml.Serialization;  // Added

public class Car
{
    public string StockNumber { get; set; }
    public string Make { get; set; }
    public string Model { get; set; }
}

[XmlRootAttribute("Cars")]
public class CarCollection
{
    [XmlElement("Car")]
    public Car[] Cars { get; set; }
}

@erymski 提供的另一段代码......

using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(path))
{
  XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CarCollection));
  return (CarCollection) serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}

...进入您的主程序（Program.cs），static CarCollection XCar()如下所示：

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    class Program
    {

        public static void Main()
        {
            var c = new CarCollection();

            c = XCar();

            foreach (var k in c.Cars)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(k.Make + " " + k.Model + " " + k.StockNumber);
            }
            c = null;
            Console.ReadLine();

        }
        static CarCollection XCar()
        {
            using (TextReader reader = new StreamReader(@"C:\Users\SlowLearner\source\repos\ConsoleApp2\ConsoleApp2\Class1.xml"))
            {
                XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(CarCollection));
                return (CarCollection)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
            }
        }
    }
}

希望能帮助到你 ：-）

Answer 10

尝试使用此通用类进行Xml序列化和反序列化。

public class SerializeConfig<T> where T : class
{
    public static void Serialize(string path, T type)
    {
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer(type.GetType());
        using (var writer = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create))
        {
            serializer.Serialize(writer, type);
        }
    }

    public static T DeSerialize(string path)
    {
        T type;
        var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        using (var reader = XmlReader.Create(path))
        {
            type = serializer.Deserialize(reader) as T;
        }
        return type;
    }
}

Answer 11

使用泛型类来反序列化 XML 文档怎么样？

//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// Generic class to load any xml into a class
// used like this ...
// YourClassTypeHere InfoList = LoadXMLFileIntoClass<YourClassTypeHere>(xmlFile);

using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

public static T LoadXMLFileIntoClass<T>(string xmlFile)
{
    T returnThis;
    XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
    if (!FileAndIO.FileExists(xmlFile))
    {
        Console.WriteLine("FileDoesNotExistError {0}", xmlFile);
    }
    returnThis = (T)serializer.Deserialize(new StreamReader(xmlFile));
    return (T)returnThis;
}

这部分可能是必要的，也可能不是必要的。在 Visual Studio 中打开 XML 文档，右键单击 XML，选择属性。然后选择您的架构文件。

Answer 12

一个班轮：

var object = (Cars)new XmlSerializer(typeof(Cars)).Deserialize(new StringReader(xmlString));