C++中的固定宽度整数文字？

Question

C++ 11首先引入了通过用户定义的文字将新文本定义为C++的支持.C++ 11或更高版本是否也为类型中的固定宽度整数文字预定义后缀<cstdint>？

Answer 1

号作为C++ 14由标准定义的唯一字面后缀被提供<chrono>,<complex>并<string>在标准库头.的<chrono>报头定义h,min,s,ms,us,ns后缀为持续时间,<complex>定义i,il和if为虚数的后缀,并且<string>定义了s用于后缀basic_string文字.

但是,可以轻松定义自己的固定宽度文字,如下所示:

#include <cstdint>

constexpr std::int8_t operator "" _int8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint8_t operator "" _uint8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int16_t operator "" _int16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint16_t operator "" _uint16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int32_t operator "" _int32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint32_t operator "" _uint32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int64_t operator "" _int64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint64_t operator "" _uint64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_fast8_t operator "" _int_fast8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_fast8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_fast8_t operator "" _uint_fast8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_fast8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_fast16_t operator "" _int_fast16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_fast16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_fast16_t operator "" _uint_fast16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_fast16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_fast32_t operator "" _int_fast32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_fast32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_fast32_t operator "" _uint_fast32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_fast32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_fast64_t operator "" _int_fast64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_fast64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_fast64_t operator "" _uint_fast64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_fast64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_least8_t operator "" _int_least8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_least8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_least8_t operator "" _uint_least8(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_least8_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_least16_t operator "" _int_least16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_least16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_least16_t operator "" _uint_least16(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_least16_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_least32_t operator "" _int_least32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_least32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_least32_t operator "" _uint_least32(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_least32_t>(v); }

constexpr std::int_least64_t operator "" _int_least64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::int_least64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uint_least64_t operator "" _uint_least64(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uint_least64_t>(v); }

constexpr std::intmax_t operator "" _intmax(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::intmax_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uintmax_t operator "" _uintmax(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uintmax_t>(v); }

constexpr std::intptr_t operator "" _intptr(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::intptr_t>(v); }

constexpr std::uintptr_t operator "" _uintptr(unsigned long long v)
{ return static_cast<std::uintptr_t>(v); }

警告:如果用于不适合的文字,上面的代码将默默地给出错误的结果unsigned long long,如果文字值不适合所请求的类型,则上述代码将溢出,例如999_int8.一个更好的实现(GPL-3许可)可能必须解析字面逐字符和static_assert溢出,就像这样.

使用用户定义的文字的缺点是需要在后缀前加下划线_,因为根据§17.6.4.3.4,没有下划线的后缀保留用于将来的标准化.