将flexbox的高度限制为浏览器窗口的高度(当前溢出导致垂直滚动)

efx*_*zsh 6 html css css3 flexbox

我正在尝试开发一个适合浏览器窗口大小的应用程序。

菜单的高度应适合父级的100%,而不应适合屏幕的100%。我有这个:

|---------------------------------|
| Header                          |
|---------------------------------|
||-------------------------------||
|| flex                          ||
|||--------------|               ||
||| Menu         |               ||
|||              |               ||
||| 1 item       |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |---------------||
  |              |
  |--------------|
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我想要

|---------------------------------|
| Header                          |
|---------------------------------|
||-------------------------------||
|| flex                          ||
|||--------------|               ||
||| Menu         |               ||
|||              |               ||
||| 1 item       |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||              |               ||
|||--------------|---------------||
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我的代码:https : //jsfiddle.net/vLbzLtyf/

<div app-context>
     <header>
       <h1>Application</h1>
     </header>

<div class="layout-flex-container row">
<div class="element">
  <aside>
    <h2>Menu</h2>
    <nav>
      <ul>
        <li>
          <span>
                          <i class="material-icons">person</i>
                          <a href="#">John Doe</a>
                      </span>
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>
                          <i class="material-icons">person</i>
                          <a href="#">Paul Smith</a>
                      </span>
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>
                          <i class="material-icons">person</i>
                          <a href="#">Jean Dupont</a>
                      </span>
        </li>
        <li>
          <span>
                          <i class="material-icons">person</i>
                          <a href="#">Xavier Lin</a>
                      </span>
        </li>
      </ul>
    </nav>
  </aside>
</div>
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html,
body {
  height: 100%;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
}

div[app-context] {
  height: 100%;
}


/* ************************************************************************** */

.layout-flex-container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: stretch;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  height: 100%;
}

.layout-flex-container.row {
  flex-direction: row;
}

.layout-flex-container.row .element {
  flex: 0 1 auto;
  height: 100%;
}


/* ************************************************************************** */

header {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: flex-start;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .14), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
  box-sizing: border-box;
  border: none;
  width: 100%;
  height: 128px;
  margin: 0;
  padding-bottom: 64px;
  z-index: 3;
  background-color: rgb(63, 81, 181);
  color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
}

header > h1 {
  flex: 1;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 40px 0 80px;
  font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  font-weight: 400;
}


/* ************************************************************************** */

aside {
  height: 100%;
  width: 340px;
  background: transparent;
  color: #424242;
  z-index: 5;
}

aside > h2 {
  box-shadow: 0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .14), 0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2), 0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, .12);
  box-sizing: border-box;
  color: black;
  line-height: 64px;
  padding-left: 40px;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
  font-size: 20px;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
  font-weight: 400;
}

aside > nav {
  height: 100%;
  background: #fafafa;
  padding-top: 16px;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

aside > nav > ul {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: nowrap;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: 8px 0;
  margin: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

aside > nav > ul li {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  font-family: "Roboto", "Helvetica", "Arial", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
  line-height: 1;
  min-height: 48px;
  padding: 16px;
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .87);
  overflow: hidden;
}
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我该如何实现?

Mic*_*l_B 4

您需要height: 100%在两个地方进行调整。目前,它与px代码中定义的附加高度相结合,这导致浏览器窗口溢出。

而不是这个:

.layout-flex-container {
      height: 100%;
}

aside > nav {
      height: 100%;
}
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尝试这个:

.layout-flex-container {
      height: calc(100% - 128px);  /* subtract the defined height of the header element */
}

aside > nav {
       height: calc(100% - 64px);  /* subtract the defined line-height of the h2 element */
}
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修订版小提琴

在 W3C 中了解有关 CSScalc功能的更多信息:

8.1. 数学表达式: calc()

calc()函数允许使用加法 (+)、减法 (-)、乘法 (*) 和除法 (/) 的数学表达式作为组件值。该calc()表达式使用标准运算符优先级规则表示其包含的数学计算的结果。它可以用在任何允许<length><frequency><angle><time><number>、 或值的地方。<integer>阅读更多。