limit()和sort()命令pymongo和mongodb

Question

尽管阅读了人们的答案,说明排序是先完成的,但证据显示的不同之处在于排序之前的限制.有没有办法强制排序总是先？

views = mongo.db.view_logging.find().sort([('count', 1)]).limit(10)

无论我使用.sort().limit()or .limit().sort(),限制都优先.我想知道这是否与pymongo...有关...

Answer 1

根据文档,无论哪个在您的命令链中首先出现,sort()都将始终应用于limit().

您还可以研究.explain()查询的结果并查看执行阶段 - 您会发现排序输入阶段检查所有已过滤的(在您的情况下是集合中的所有文档),然后应用限制.

我们来看一个例子吧.

想象一下,有一个foo包含test6个文档的集合的数据库:

>>> col = db.foo.test
>>> for doc in col.find():
...     print(doc)
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:12:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f9716ce4b05e6b92be87f2'), 'value': 90}
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:13:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f971a3e4b05e6b92be87fc'), 'value': 82}
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:14:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f971afe4b05e6b92be87fd'), 'value': 75}
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:15:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f971b7e4b05e6b92be87ff'), 'value': 72}
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:16:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f971c0e4b05e6b92be8803'), 'value': 81}
{'time': '2016-03-28 12:17:00', '_id': ObjectId('56f971c8e4b05e6b92be8806'), 'value': 90}

现在,让我们执行与顺序不同的查询sort()和limit()检查结果,并解释计划.

排序然后限制:

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> cursor = col.find().sort([('time', 1)]).limit(3)  
>>> sort_limit_plan = cursor.explain()
>>> pprint(sort_limit_plan)
{u'executionStats': {u'allPlansExecution': [],
                     u'executionStages': {u'advanced': 3,
                                          u'executionTimeMillisEstimate': 0,
                                          u'inputStage': {u'advanced': 6,
                                                          u'direction': u'forward',
                                                          u'docsExamined': 6,
                                                          u'executionTimeMillisEstimate': 0,
                                                          u'filter': {u'$and': []},
                                                          u'invalidates': 0,
                                                          u'isEOF': 1,
                                                          u'nReturned': 6,
                                                          u'needFetch': 0,
                                                          u'needTime': 1,
                                                          u'restoreState': 0,
                                                          u'saveState': 0,
                                                          u'stage': u'COLLSCAN',
                                                          u'works': 8},
                                          u'invalidates': 0,
                                          u'isEOF': 1,
                                          u'limitAmount': 3,
                                          u'memLimit': 33554432,
                                          u'memUsage': 213,
                                          u'nReturned': 3,
                                          u'needFetch': 0,
                                          u'needTime': 8,
                                          u'restoreState': 0,
                                          u'saveState': 0,
                                          u'sortPattern': {u'time': 1},
                                          u'stage': u'SORT',
                                          u'works': 13},
                     u'executionSuccess': True,
                     u'executionTimeMillis': 0,
                     u'nReturned': 3,
                     u'totalDocsExamined': 6,
                     u'totalKeysExamined': 0},
 u'queryPlanner': {u'indexFilterSet': False,
                   u'namespace': u'foo.test',
                   u'parsedQuery': {u'$and': []},
                   u'plannerVersion': 1,
                   u'rejectedPlans': [],
                   u'winningPlan': {u'inputStage': {u'direction': u'forward',
                                                    u'filter': {u'$and': []},
                                                    u'stage': u'COLLSCAN'},
                                    u'limitAmount': 3,
                                    u'sortPattern': {u'time': 1},
                                    u'stage': u'SORT'}},
 u'serverInfo': {u'gitVersion': u'6ce7cbe8c6b899552dadd907604559806aa2e9bd',
                 u'host': u'h008742.mongolab.com',
                 u'port': 53439,
                 u'version': u'3.0.7'}}

限制然后排序:

>>> cursor = col.find().limit(3).sort([('time', 1)])
>>> limit_sort_plan = cursor.explain()
>>> pprint(limit_sort_plan)
{u'executionStats': {u'allPlansExecution': [],
                     u'executionStages': {u'advanced': 3,
                                          u'executionTimeMillisEstimate': 0,
                                          u'inputStage': {u'advanced': 6,
                                                          u'direction': u'forward',
                                                          u'docsExamined': 6,
                                                          u'executionTimeMillisEstimate': 0,
                                                          u'filter': {u'$and': []},
                                                          u'invalidates': 0,
                                                          u'isEOF': 1,
                                                          u'nReturned': 6,
                                                          u'needFetch': 0,
                                                          u'needTime': 1,
                                                          u'restoreState': 0,
                                                          u'saveState': 0,
                                                          u'stage': u'COLLSCAN',
                                                          u'works': 8},
                                          u'invalidates': 0,
                                          u'isEOF': 1,
                                          u'limitAmount': 3,
                                          u'memLimit': 33554432,
                                          u'memUsage': 213,
                                          u'nReturned': 3,
                                          u'needFetch': 0,
                                          u'needTime': 8,
                                          u'restoreState': 0,
                                          u'saveState': 0,
                                          u'sortPattern': {u'time': 1},
                                          u'stage': u'SORT',
                                          u'works': 13},
                     u'executionSuccess': True,
                     u'executionTimeMillis': 0,
                     u'nReturned': 3,
                     u'totalDocsExamined': 6,
                     u'totalKeysExamined': 0},
 u'queryPlanner': {u'indexFilterSet': False,
                   u'namespace': u'foo.test',
                   u'parsedQuery': {u'$and': []},
                   u'plannerVersion': 1,
                   u'rejectedPlans': [],
                   u'winningPlan': {u'inputStage': {u'direction': u'forward',
                                                    u'filter': {u'$and': []},
                                                    u'stage': u'COLLSCAN'},
                                    u'limitAmount': 3,
                                    u'sortPattern': {u'time': 1},
                                    u'stage': u'SORT'}},
 u'serverInfo': {u'gitVersion': u'6ce7cbe8c6b899552dadd907604559806aa2e9bd',
                 u'host': u'h008742.mongolab.com',
                 u'port': 53439,
                 u'version': u'3.0.7'}}

如您所见,在这两种情况下,首先应用排序并影响所有6个文档,然后限制将结果限制为3.

并且,执行计划完全相同:

>>> from copy import deepcopy  # just in case
>>> cursor = col.find().sort([('time', 1)]).limit(3)
>>> sort_limit_plan = deepcopy(cursor.explain())
>>> cursor = col.find().limit(3).sort([('time', 1)])
>>> limit_sort_plan = deepcopy(cursor.explain())
>>> sort_limit_plan == limit_sort_plan
True

另见:

• 在限制结果之前,您如何告诉Mongo对集合进行排序？