Oracle和/或SQL Server相当于MySQL的DESCRIBE [表]？

Question

我正在寻找从头开始创建给定表所需的"创建表"语句.我对主键约束,唯一约束,外键约束和列名特别感兴趣.

我如何在Oracle和/或SQL Server中执行此操作？

奇怪的是,我对数据库的唯一连接是来自Linux机器的ODBC连接.虽然对于Oracle我几乎可以肯定地启动并运行SQL*Plus.

Answer 1

在Oracle中使用

select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLE','DEMO_ORDERS') from dual;

它会返回类似的东西

  CREATE TABLE "OWNER"."DEMO_ORDERS" 
   (    "ORDER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "ORDER_TOTAL" NUMBER(8,2), 
    "ORDER_TIMESTAMP" DATE, 
    "USER_ID" NUMBER, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_TOTAL_MIN" CHECK (order_total >= 0) ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID")
  USING INDEX PCTFREE 10 INITRANS 2 MAXTRANS 255 COMPUTE STATISTICS 
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "USERS"  ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_USER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("USER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_USERS" ("USER_ID") ENABLE
   ) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 NOCOMPRESS LOGGING
  STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
  PCTINCREASE 0 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT)
  TABLESPACE "USERS" 

您可以使用各种设置来过滤或排除您不想要的位.

begin
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,'STORAGE',false);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,'PRETTY',true);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM,
       'SQLTERMINATOR',true);
 DBMS_METADATA.SET_TRANSFORM_PARAM(DBMS_METADATA.SESSION_TRANSFORM, 
       'SEGMENT_ATTRIBUTES',false);
end;

会给

  CREATE TABLE "OWNER"."DEMO_ORDERS" 
   (    "ORDER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER NOT NULL ENABLE, 
    "ORDER_TOTAL" NUMBER(8,2), 
    "ORDER_TIMESTAMP" DATE, 
    "USER_ID" NUMBER, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_TOTAL_MIN" CHECK (order_total >= 0) ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDER_PK" PRIMARY KEY ("ORDER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ENABLE, 
     CONSTRAINT "DEMO_ORDERS_USER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("USER_ID")
      REFERENCES "OWNER"."DEMO_USERS" ("USER_ID") ENABLE
   ) ;