为CountVectorizer添加词干支持(sklearn)

Question

我正在尝试使用sklearn为NLP中的管道添加词干.

from nltk.stem.snowball import FrenchStemmer

stop = stopwords.words('french')
stemmer = FrenchStemmer()


class StemmedCountVectorizer(CountVectorizer):
    def __init__(self, stemmer):
        super(StemmedCountVectorizer, self).__init__()
        self.stemmer = stemmer

    def build_analyzer(self):
        analyzer = super(StemmedCountVectorizer, self).build_analyzer()
        return lambda doc:(self.stemmer.stem(w) for w in analyzer(doc))

stem_vectorizer = StemmedCountVectorizer(stemmer)
text_clf = Pipeline([('vect', stem_vectorizer), ('tfidf', TfidfTransformer()), ('clf', SVC(kernel='linear', C=1)) ])

当使用此管道与sklearn的CountVectorizer时,它可以正常工作.如果我手动创建这样的功能,它也可以.

vectorizer = StemmedCountVectorizer(stemmer)
vectorizer.fit_transform(X)
tfidf_transformer = TfidfTransformer()
X_tfidf = tfidf_transformer.fit_transform(X_counts)

编辑:

如果我在我的IPython笔记本上尝试这个管道,它会显示[*]并且没有任何反应.当我查看我的终端时,它会出现此错误:

Process PoolWorker-12:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Anaconda2\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 258, in _bootstrap
    self.run()
  File "C:\Anaconda2\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 114, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\Anaconda2\lib\multiprocessing\pool.py", line 102, in worker
    task = get()
  File "C:\Anaconda2\lib\site-packages\sklearn\externals\joblib\pool.py", line 360, in get
    return recv()
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'StemmedCountVectorizer'

例

这是完整的例子

from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline
from sklearn import grid_search
from sklearn.svm import SVC
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer, TfidfTransformer
from nltk.stem.snowball import FrenchStemmer

stemmer = FrenchStemmer()
analyzer = CountVectorizer().build_analyzer()

def stemming(doc):
    return (stemmer.stem(w) for w in analyzer(doc))

X = ['le chat est beau', 'le ciel est nuageux', 'les gens sont gentils', 'Paris est magique', 'Marseille est tragique', 'JCVD est fou']
Y = [1,0,1,1,0,0]

text_clf = Pipeline([('vect', CountVectorizer()), ('tfidf', TfidfTransformer()), ('clf', SVC())])
parameters = { 'vect__analyzer': ['word', stemming]}

gs_clf = grid_search.GridSearchCV(text_clf, parameters, n_jobs=-1)
gs_clf.fit(X, Y)

如果你从参数中删除干扰它可以工作,否则它不起作用.

更新:

问题似乎出现在并行化过程中,因为当删除n_jobs = -1时,问题就会消失.

Answer 1

您可以将callable传递analyzer给CountVectorizer构造函数以提供自定义分析器.这似乎对我有用.

from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
from nltk.stem.snowball import FrenchStemmer

stemmer = FrenchStemmer()
analyzer = CountVectorizer().build_analyzer()

def stemmed_words(doc):
    return (stemmer.stem(w) for w in analyzer(doc))

stem_vectorizer = CountVectorizer(analyzer=stemmed_words)
print(stem_vectorizer.fit_transform(['Tu marches dans la rue']))
print(stem_vectorizer.get_feature_names())

打印出来:

  (0, 4)    1
  (0, 2)    1
  (0, 0)    1
  (0, 1)    1
  (0, 3)    1
[u'dan', u'la', u'march', u'ru', u'tu']

Answer 2

我知道我发布答案的时间已经很晚了.但在这里,如果有人仍然需要帮助.

以下是通过覆盖添加语言提取器来计算矢量化器的最简洁方法 build_analyser()

from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import CountVectorizer
import nltk.stem

french_stemmer = nltk.stem.SnowballStemmer('french')
class StemmedCountVectorizer(CountVectorizer):
    def build_analyzer(self):
        analyzer = super(StemmedCountVectorizer, self).build_analyzer()
        return lambda doc: ([french_stemmer.stem(w) for w in analyzer(doc)])

vectorizer_s = StemmedCountVectorizer(min_df=3, analyzer="word", stop_words='french')

您可以在对象上自由调用CountVectorizer类fit和transform函数vectorizer_s

Answer 3

你可以试试：

def build_analyzer(self):
    analyzer = super(CountVectorizer, self).build_analyzer()
    return lambda doc:(stemmer.stem(w) for w in analyzer(doc))

并删除该__init__方法。