昨晚我有一个有趣的想法,捕获硬件异常并抛出一个C++ exception。认为这可能对诸如 之类的事情有用FPU exceptions,这些事情通常要么崩溃,要么默默返回NaN,然后导致意外行为。AC++ exception在这里更可取。
所以我整个上午都在进行黑客攻击,终于让它工作了。嗯,差不多。编译器仍然没有意识到算术运算现在可以 throw C++ exceptions,并且会默默地丢弃try/catch它周围的块。当异常发生在函数中时它确实起作用。
void throw_exception()
{
throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero!");
}
__attribute__((noinline))
void try_div0()
{
cout << 1 / 0 << endl;
}
int main()
{
// this class traps a hardware exception (division by zero, in this case) and calls the supplied lambda function.
// uh, no, you probably don't want to see the assembly code behind this...
exception_wrapper div0_exc { 0, [] (exception_frame* frame, bool)
{
if (frame->address.segment != get_cs()) return false; // only handle exceptions that occured in our own code
frame->stack.offset -= 4; // sub <fault esp>, 4;
auto* stack = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t *>(frame->stack.offset); // get <fault esp>
*stack = frame->address.offset; // mov [<fault esp>], <fault address>;
frame->address.offset = reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(throw_exception); // set return address to throw_exception()
return true; // exception handled!
} };
try
{
// cout << 1 / 0 << endl; // this throws, as expected, but calls std::terminate().
try_div0(); // this exception is caught.
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
cout << "oops: " << e.what() << endl;
}
}
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我意识到这是一个不寻常的问题……但是有什么办法可以使这项工作发挥作用吗?某种方式来告诉gcc异常可能发生在任何地方?
我正在编译djgpp它(我相信)使用DWARF异常处理。
编辑:我刚刚找到gcc标志 -fnon-call-exceptions和-fasynchronous-unwind-tables,这似乎是我正在寻找的。但它仍然不起作用......
编辑:现在,使用前面提到的gcc标志,它不会在异常的两个函数调用之间发生陷阱:
inline void nop() { asm(""); }
// or { cout << flush; } or something. empty function does not work.
int main()
{
/* ... */
try
{
nop();
cout << 1 / 0 << endl;
nop();
}
/* ... */
}
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编辑:嵌套try/catch块具有相同的效果,除非被捕获的指令前面有函数调用,否则不会捕获异常。
inline void nop() { asm(""); }
void try_div(int i)
{
try
{
// this works, catches exception in try_div(0).
nop();
cout << 1 / i << endl;
try_div(i - 1);
// without the first nop(), calls std::terminate()
//cout << 1 / i << endl;
//try_div(i - 1);
// reverse order, also terminates.
//if (i != 0) try_div(i - 1);
//cout << 1 / i << endl;
//nop();
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
cout << "caught in try_div(" << i << "): " << e.what() << endl;
}
}
int main()
{
/* ... */
try
{
try_div(4);
}
catch (std::exception& e)
{
cout << "caught in main(): " << e.what() << endl;
}
}
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已经有一段时间了,但我终于弄清楚了......投掷函数需要被标记为具有信号帧。
[[gnu::no_caller_saved_registers]]
void throw_exception()
{
asm(".cfi_signal_frame");
throw std::runtime_error("Division by zero!");
}
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