嵌套文档上的MongoDB $查找

Question

我是mongo的新手,并且与下面的人进行了艰苦的斗争.我有2个收集结构如下.对于我的生活,我无法弄清楚如何对学校集合进行$ lookup.阅读其他帖子,我肯定使用ObjectId作为参考以及外国字段.

以下是我的结构:

校友:

{
    "_id": "john",
    "items": [
        {
            "name": "John",
            "items": [
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa3d5e4"),
                    "grad": true
                },
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa00000"),
                    "grad": false
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "name": "Johnny"
            // notice no nested items, this doc should still be included in result
        },
        {
            "name": "Jon",
            "items": [
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa11111"),
                    "grad": false
                }
            ]
        }
     ]
}

学校

{
    _id: ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa3d5e4"),
    name: "Some University",
    street: "ABC Boulevard"
}

我想要得到的:

{
    "_id": "john",
    "items": [
        {
            "name": "John",
            "items": [
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa3d5e4"),
                    "grad": true,
                    "schoolInfo":     {
                        _id: ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa3d5e4"),
                        name: "Some University",
                        street: "ABC Boulevard"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa00000"),
                    "grad": true,
                    "schoolInfo":     {
                        _id: ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa00000"),
                        name: "Another University",
                        street: "123 Boulevard"
                    }
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            name: "Johnny"
        },
        {
            "name": "Jon",
            "items": [
                {
                    "school": ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa11111"),
                    "grad": true,
                    "schoolInfo":     {
                        _id: ObjectId("56de35ab520fc05b2fa11111"),
                        name: "Some University",
                        street: "ABC Boulevard"
                    }
                }
            ]
         }
     ]
}

我试过的查询无济于事:

db.alumni.aggregate([
      {$match: {_id: 'john'}}, 
      {$lookup: {
                from: 'schools', 
                localField: 'items.items.school', 
                foreignField: '_id', 
                as: 'schoolInfo'}}
 ])

任何帮助将不胜感激!

Answer 1

在这种情况下,需要在聚合框架中使用$ unwind和$ project

请看下面:

db.alumni.aggregate([
    {$match: {_id: 'john'}},
    {$unwind:"$items"},
    {$unwind:"$items.items"},
    {$lookup: {
        from: 'schools', 
        localField: 'items.items.school', 
        foreignField: '_id', 
        as: 'schoolInfo'}},
    {$unwind:"$schoolInfo"},
    {$project:{
        "_id":1,
        "items":[{
            "name":"$items.name",
            "items":[{
            "school":"$schoolInfo._id"    ,
            "grad":"$items.items.grad"    ,
            "schoolInfo":"$schoolInfo"
            }]
        }]            
    }}
]).pretty()

看看它是如何工作的 - 尝试从查询中删除聚合阶段并检查文档结构.

Answer 2

这样可以更好地处理$items.items阵列中的多个学校吗？

db.alumni.aggregate([
    {$match: {_id: 'john'}},
    {$unwind:"$items"},
    {$unwind:"$items.items"},
    {$lookup: {
        from: 'schools', 
        localField: 'items.items.school', 
        foreignField: '_id', 
        as: 'schoolInfo'}},
    {$unwind:"$schoolInfo"},
    {$group:{
        _id: {
            _id: '$_id',
            name: '$items.name',
        },
        items: {
            $push: {
                'grad': '$items.items.grad',
                'school': '$schoolInfo._id'
                'schoolInfo': '$schoolInfo'
            }
        }
    }},
    {$group:{
        _id: '$_id._id',
        items: {
            $push: {
                'name': '$_id.name',
                'items': '$items'
            }
        }
    }}
]).pretty()

我没有解决丢失的情况，$items.items但是您可以查看$ unwind空数组 另外，最好是在没有条目的情况下保留一个空数组而不是什么，即

{
    name: "Johnny",
    items: [],
},