使用SQL缩短时间段

Question

我有一个大数据集,为了这个问题的目的有3个字段:

• 组标识符
• 从日期
• 至今

在任何给定的行上,From Date总是小于To Date但在每个组内,由日期对表示的时间段(没有特定顺序)可以重叠,在一个在另一个中包含,或者甚至是相同的.

我最终想要的是一个查询,它将每个组的结果浓缩到连续的时间段.例如,一个看起来像这样的组:

| Group ID | From Date  | To Date    |
--------------------------------------
| A        | 01/01/2012 | 12/31/2012 |
| A        | 12/01/2013 | 11/30/2014 |
| A        | 01/01/2015 | 12/31/2015 |
| A        | 01/01/2015 | 12/31/2015 |
| A        | 02/01/2015 | 03/31/2015 |
| A        | 01/01/2013 | 12/31/2013 |

会导致这个:

| Group ID | From Date  | To Date    |
--------------------------------------
| A        | 01/01/2012 | 11/30/2014 |
| A        | 01/01/2015 | 12/31/2015 |

我已经阅读了许多关于日期包装的文章,但我无法弄清楚如何将其应用到我的数据集中.

如何构建一个能够给我这些结果的查询？

Answer 1

《Microsoft® SQL Server® 2012 High-Performance T-SQL Using Window Functions》一书中的解决方案

;with C1 as(
select GroupID, FromDate as ts, +1 as type, 1 as sub
  from dbo.table_name
union all
select GroupID, dateadd(day, +1, ToDate) as ts, -1 as type, 0 as sub
  from dbo.table_name),
C2 as(
select C1.*
     , sum(type) over(partition by GroupID order by ts, type desc
                      rows between unbounded preceding and current row) - sub as cnt
  from C1),
C3 as(
select GroupID, ts, floor((row_number() over(partition by GroupID order by ts) - 1) / 2 + 1) as grpnum
  from C2
  where cnt = 0)

select GroupID, min(ts) as FromDate, dateadd(day, -1, max(ts)) as ToDate
  from C3
  group by GroupID, grpnum;

创建表：

if object_id('table_name') is not null
  drop table table_name
create table table_name(GroupID varchar(100), FromDate datetime,ToDate datetime)
insert into table_name
select 'A', '01/01/2012', '12/31/2012' union all
select 'A', '12/01/2013', '11/30/2014' union all
select 'A', '01/01/2015', '12/31/2015' union all
select 'A', '01/01/2015', '12/31/2015' union all
select 'A', '02/01/2015', '03/31/2015' union all
select 'A', '01/01/2013', '12/31/2013'