为什么conda和pip停止工作？'CompiledFFI'对象没有属性'def_extern'

Question

我刚刚在我的系统上安装/升级了以下软件包(Mac OSX 10.7.5,使用python 2.7.11).

    package                |            build
---------------------------|-----------------
enum34-1.1.2               |           py27_0          55 KB
idna-2.0                   |           py27_0         123 KB
ipaddress-1.0.14           |           py27_0          27 KB
pyasn1-0.1.9               |           py27_0          54 KB
pycparser-2.14             |           py27_0         147 KB
cffi-1.2.1                 |           py27_0         167 KB
cryptography-1.0.2         |           py27_0         370 KB
pyopenssl-0.14             |           py27_0         122 KB
ndg-httpsclient-0.3.3      |           py27_0          30 KB
------------------------------------------------------------
                                       Total:         1.1 MB

之后,尝试调用pip或anaconda时出现以下错误:

'CompiledFFI' object has no attribute 'def_extern'

发生了什么,我该如何解决这个问题？

这是完整的错误消息:

    $ conda
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/bin/conda", line 5, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/cli/main.py", line 118, in main
    from conda.cli import main_search
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/cli/main_search.py", line 12, in <module>
    from conda.misc import make_icon_url
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/misc.py", line 19, in <module>
    from conda.api import get_index
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/api.py", line 10, in <module>
    from conda.fetch import fetch_index
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/fetch.py", line 24, in <module>
    from conda.connection import CondaSession, unparse_url, RETRIES
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/conda/connection.py", line 24, in <module>
    import requests
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/__init__.py", line 53, in <module>
    from .packages.urllib3.contrib import pyopenssl
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/packages/urllib3/contrib/pyopenssl.py", line 54, in <module>
    import OpenSSL.SSL
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenSSL/__init__.py", line 8, in <module>
    from OpenSSL import rand, crypto, SSL
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenSSL/rand.py", line 11, in <module>
    from OpenSSL._util import (
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenSSL/_util.py", line 6, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.bindings.openssl.binding import Binding
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py", line 68, in <module>
    error=-1)
  File "/Users/User/miniconda/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/openssl/binding.py", line 57, in wrapper
    ffi.def_extern(name=name, **kwargs)(func)
AttributeError: 'CompiledFFI' object has no attribute 'def_extern'

Answer 1

我也有这个错误,但我已经通过升级cffi解决了这个问题:

pip install --upgrade cffi

Answer 2

升级cffi并没有为我解决; 我做了:

sudo apt-get purge --auto-remove python-cryptography

然后重新安装加密.

Answer 3

我用这个解决方案解决了这个问题

easy_install -U cffi

https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/python-pip/+bug/1512792/comments/11