如何安装pg_config错误的psycopg2？

Question

我已经尝试从此站点安装psycopg2（PostgreSQL数据库adapater），但是当我尝试将CD装入软件包并写入后进行安装时

python setup.py install 

我收到以下错误：

Please add the directory containing pg_config to the PATH

or specify the full executable path with the option:

python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build ...

or with the pg_config option in 'setup.cfg'.

我也尝试过“ sudo pip install psycopg2”，并且得到了相同的消息。

阅读完文档后，它要求查看setup.cfg文件（如下）：

[build_ext]
define=

# PSYCOPG_DISPLAY_SIZE enable display size calculation (a little slower)
# HAVE_PQFREEMEM should be defined on PostgreSQL >= 7.4
# PSYCOPG_DEBUG can be added to enable verbose debug information

# "pg_config" is required to locate PostgreSQL headers and libraries needed to
# build psycopg2. If pg_config is not in the path or is installed under a
# different name uncomment the following option and set it to the pg_config
# full path.
#pg_config=

# Set to 1 to use Python datetime objects for default date/time representation.
use_pydatetime=1

# If the build system does not find the mx.DateTime headers, try
# uncommenting the following line and setting its value to the right path.
#mx_include_dir=

# For Windows only:
# Set to 1 if the PostgreSQL library was built with OpenSSL.
# Required to link in OpenSSL libraries and dependencies.
have_ssl=0

# Statically link against the postgresql client library.
#static_libpq=1

# Add here eventual extra libraries required to link the module.
#libraries=

但是，我不确定是否要编辑此文件，因为文档中指出以下内容：

then take a look at the setup.cfg file.

Some of the options available in setup.cfg are also available as command line arguments of the build_ext sub-command. For instance you can specify an alternate pg_config version using:

$ python setup.py build_ext --pg-config /path/to/pg_config build

Use python setup.py build_ext --help to get a list of the options supported.

我已经获得了支持的选项列表，但是我不确定从那里去哪里

Answer 1

我遇到这个问题是因为我还没有在我的机器上安装 PostgreSQL。在 mac 上只是一个简单的brew install postgresql解决了这个问题。

Answer 2

Debian/Ubuntu

Python 2

sudo apt install libpq-dev python-dev

Python 3

sudo apt install libpq-dev python3-dev

额外

If none of the above solve your issue, try

sudo apt install build-essential
or

sudo apt install postgresql-server-dev-all

Answer 3

如果您需要安装而不进行编译：

pip install psycopg2-binary

Answer 4

如果您使用的是Ubuntu，请尝试

sudo apt-get install python-psycopg2

否则，您需要找到并安装用于发行版的Postgresql客户端软件包。从源代码安装psycopg2

Answer 5

在配备 M1 的 Macbook 上我必须安装 postgresql

brew install postgresql

（如果你没有brew：https://brew.sh）

然后再次运行安装

python3 -m pip install psycopg2-binary