如何设置$ PATH？

Question

我正在使用Ruby 2.3.0.每次打开一个新的bash选项卡时,我的ruby版本都会降级到2.2.3.所以为了确保我使用最新的,我做到了rvm use 2.3.0.这可以解决每个标签上的问题,并提供以下消息:

PATH is not properly set up, '/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin' is not at first place,
         usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
         it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
         to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.3.0'.

所以,我做了echo $PATH一些非常自我解释的事情:

/usr/local/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/bin

我的.bashrc有这个:

export PATH="/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH" export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/.rvm/bin" # Add RVM to PATH for scripting

而.bash_profile有这个:

source ~/.profile
export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" # Load RVM into a shell session *as a function*

这就是我得到的 rvm info

Warning! PATH is not properly set up, '/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin' is not at first place,
         usually this is caused by shell initialization files - check them for 'PATH=...' entries,
         it might also help to re-add RVM to your dotfiles: 'rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles',
         to fix temporarily in this shell session run: 'rvm use ruby-2.3.0'.

ruby-2.3.0:

  system:
    uname:       "Darwin BC.local 13.4.0 Darwin Kernel Version 13.4.0: Wed Mar 18 16:20:14 PDT 2015; root:xnu-2422.115.14~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64"
    system:      "osx/10.9/x86_64"
    bash:        "/bin/bash => GNU bash, version 3.2.53(1)-release (x86_64-apple-darwin13)"
    zsh:         "/bin/zsh => zsh 5.0.2 (x86_64-apple-darwin13.0)"

  rvm:
    version:      "rvm 1.26.11 (latest) by Wayne E. Seguin <wayneeseguin@gmail.com>, Michal Papis <mpapis@gmail.com> [https://rvm.io/]"
    updated:      "3 minutes 39 seconds ago"
    path:         "/Users/mkeable/.rvm"

  ruby:
    interpreter:  "ruby"
    version:      "2.2.3p173"
    date:         "2015-08-18"
    platform:     "x86_64-darwin13"
    patchlevel:   "2015-08-18 revision 51636"
    full_version: "ruby 2.2.3p173 (2015-08-18 revision 51636) [x86_64-darwin13]"

  homes:
    gem:          "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0"
    ruby:         "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0"

  binaries:
    ruby:         "/usr/local/bin/ruby"
    irb:          "/usr/local/bin/irb"
    gem:          "/usr/local/bin/gem"
    rake:         "/usr/local/bin/rake"

  environment:
    PATH:         "/usr/local/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/git/bin:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/bin"
    GEM_HOME:     "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0"
    GEM_PATH:     "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0:/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@global"
    MY_RUBY_HOME: "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0"
    IRBRC:        "/Users/mkeable/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/.irbrc"
    RUBYOPT:      ""
    gemset:       ""

所以这让我更加困惑.rvm list rubies说我只有2.3.0,但我的版本设置为2.2.3.

我可以清楚地看到我需要做什么,这是(我认为)设置/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin在$ PATH的开头.但是怎么样？

Answer 1

假设你有你的Ruby 2.2二进制文件/usr/local/bin,那么你肯定不希望这条路径在你面前/Users/mkeable/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/bin.

要确保前者在后者面前做到

export PATH="/usr/local/heroku/bin:$PATH" 
export PATH="$HOME/.rvm/bin:$PATH"

在你的.bash_profile.

另外一个注意事项 - 如果Ruby 2.2确实在其中/usr/local/bin,这意味着您可能只能从该路径中删除(或临时重命名)二进制文件,而不是重新安排$ PATH.